Encyclopedia > Vombatiformes
Vombatiformes
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Subclass: Marsupialia
Order: Diprotodontia
Suborder: Vombatiformes
Families
Phascolarctidae
Vombatidae
Vombatiformes is one of the two suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. Five of the seven known families within this suborder are extinct; only the families Phascolarctidae, with the koala, and Vombatidae, with three extant species of wombat, survive.
Among the extinct families are Diprotodontidae, which includes the diprotodon, believed by many to be the inspiration for the bunyip. Vombatiformes is Latin for "wombat-shaped things", and took its name from its type family.
The suborder Vombatiformes, with its closely related members and their compact body form, contrasts with the only other diprotodont suborder, the large and diverse Phalangerida, including kangaroos, wallabies, quokkas, possums, gliding possum-like marsupials and others. The Koala and wombat are believed by many biologists to share a common ancestor and to have diverged only recently in the Cenozoic.
Categories: Vombatiforms | Diprotodonts
Results from FactBites:
Vombatiformes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (185 words)
Vombatiformes is one of the three suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia.
"Vombatiformes" is neo-Latin for "wombat-shaped things", and took its name from its type family.
The suborder Vombatiformes, with its closely related members and their compact body form, contrasts with the other two diprotodont suborders, the Macropodiformes: kangaroos, wallabies and quokkas; and the Phalangeriformes: possums, including the gliders like the wrist-winged gliders.
More results at FactBites »
Thursday, February 26, 2009
Encyclopedia----Australian Koala Foundation
Encyclopedia > Australian Koala Foundation
The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. It is in the process of writing The National Koala Act and having it enacted by the Australian Federal Government. Australian Koala Foundation This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ... Binomial name Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817) The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. ... Fauna is a collective term for animal life. ... In Botany a Flora (or Floræ) is a collective term for plant life and can also refer to a descriptive catalogue of the plants of any geographical area, geological period, etc. ...
History
Two veterinary scientists, Barry Scott and Steve Brown, registered Australian Koala Association Inc in 1986, and subsequently changed the name to Austalian Koala Foundation Inc. The term "Inc" was later dropped.
In 1980s, it was believed that the major threat to koalas was a disease known as chlamydia. The intial goal of the AKF was to find a cure for chlamydia. Project "save the koala" with an aim to raise A$ 5 million was launched to provide research funding into finding a cure for chlamydia. Chlamydia is currently one of the most common sexually transmitted disease — about 4 million cases of chlamydia occur in the USA each year. ... Chlamydia is currently one of the most common sexually transmitted disease — about 4 million cases of chlamydia occur in the USA each year. ... Chlamydia is currently one of the most common sexually transmitted disease — about 4 million cases of chlamydia occur in the USA each year. ...
It was found out later that habitat destruction was the main cause of the koalas' problems. Consequently, the focus of AKF was adjusted accordingly.
External link
Australian Koala Foundation
Categories: Australian environmental organisations | Conservation in Australia | Australia-related stubs
Results from FactBites:
Australian Koala Foundation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (202 words)
The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora.
In 1980s, it was believed that the major threat to koalas was a disease known as chlamydia.
Project "save the koala" with an aim to raise A$ 5 million was launched to provide research funding into finding a cure for chlamydia.
More results at FactBites »
The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. It is in the process of writing The National Koala Act and having it enacted by the Australian Federal Government. Australian Koala Foundation This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ... Binomial name Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817) The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. ... Fauna is a collective term for animal life. ... In Botany a Flora (or Floræ) is a collective term for plant life and can also refer to a descriptive catalogue of the plants of any geographical area, geological period, etc. ...
History
Two veterinary scientists, Barry Scott and Steve Brown, registered Australian Koala Association Inc in 1986, and subsequently changed the name to Austalian Koala Foundation Inc. The term "Inc" was later dropped.
In 1980s, it was believed that the major threat to koalas was a disease known as chlamydia. The intial goal of the AKF was to find a cure for chlamydia. Project "save the koala" with an aim to raise A$ 5 million was launched to provide research funding into finding a cure for chlamydia. Chlamydia is currently one of the most common sexually transmitted disease — about 4 million cases of chlamydia occur in the USA each year. ... Chlamydia is currently one of the most common sexually transmitted disease — about 4 million cases of chlamydia occur in the USA each year. ... Chlamydia is currently one of the most common sexually transmitted disease — about 4 million cases of chlamydia occur in the USA each year. ...
It was found out later that habitat destruction was the main cause of the koalas' problems. Consequently, the focus of AKF was adjusted accordingly.
External link
Australian Koala Foundation
Categories: Australian environmental organisations | Conservation in Australia | Australia-related stubs
Results from FactBites:
Australian Koala Foundation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (202 words)
The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora.
In 1980s, it was believed that the major threat to koalas was a disease known as chlamydia.
Project "save the koala" with an aim to raise A$ 5 million was launched to provide research funding into finding a cure for chlamydia.
More results at FactBites »
Encyclopedia---- Family Phascolarctidae----Koala Bears
Encyclopedia > Phascolarctidae
Koala
Conservation status: Lower Risk
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Subclass: Marsupialia
Order: Diprotodontia
Suborder: Vombatiformes
Family: Phascolarctidae
Genus: Phascolarctos
Species: cinereus
Binomial name
Phascolarctos cinereus
Goldfuss, 1817
The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. Koalas are unmistakable: they are broadly similar in appearance to a wombat (which is their closest living relative) but have a thicker, softer coat, much larger ears, and longer limbs, which are equipped with large, sharp claws to assist with climbing. Weight varies from about 14 kg for a large, southern male, to about 5 kg for a small northern female. They are generally silent, but male Koalas have a very loud advertising call (a nasal snort that human children delight in imitating) that can be heard from almost a kilometre away during the breeding season.
Koalas are found all along the eastern coast of Australia from near Adelaide to the base of the Cape York Peninsula, and as far into the hinterland as there is enough rainfall to support suitable forest. The Koalas of South Australia were exterminated during the early part of the 20th century, but the state has since been repopulated with Victorian stock.
Although three subspecies have been described, these are arbitrary selections from a cline and are not generally accepted as valid. Following Bergmann's Rule, southern individuals from the cooler climates are larger. A typical Victorian Koala (formerly P. cinereus victor, see illustrations) has longer, thicker fur, is a darker, softer grey, often with chocolate-brown highlights on the back and forearms, and has more a more prominently light-coloured ventral side and fluffy white ear tufts. Typical weights are 12 kg for males and 8.5 kg for females. In tropical and sub-tropical Queensland, however, Koalas are smaller (at around 6.5 kg for an average male and just over 5 kg for an average female), a lighter, often rather scruffy, grey in colour, and have shorter, thinner fur. Queensland Koalas were previously classified as the subspecies P. cinereus adustus, and the intermediate forms in New South Wales as P. cinereus cinereus. The variation from one form to another is continuous, and there are substantial differences between individual Koalas in any given region.
Koalas live almost entirely on eucalyptus leaves. This is likely an evolutionary adaptation that takes advantage of an otherwise unfilled ecological niche, since eucalypt leaves are low in protein, high in indigestible substances, and contain phenolic terpene compounds that are toxic to most species. Like wombats and sloths, Koalas have a very low metabolic rate for a mammal (which conserves energy) and they rest motionless for about 20 hours a day, sleeping most of that time. They feed at any time of day, but usually at night. An average Koala eats a half-kilogram of eucalyptus leaves each day, chewing them in their powerful jaws to a very fine paste before swallowing. The liver deactivates the toxic components ready for excretion, and the hind gut is greatly enlarged to extract the maximum amount of nutrient from the poor quality diet. Much of this is done through bacterial fermentation: when young Koalas are being weaned, the mother passes unusually soft faeces rich in these bacteria to pass these essential digestive aids onto her offspring.
Koalas will eat the leaves of a wide range of gum trees, and even some exotic species, but they have firm preferences for particular varieties, which vary from one region to another: in the south Mana Gum, Blue Gum and Swamp Gum are favoured; Grey Gum and Tallowwood are important in the north, and the ubiquitous River Red Gum of the isolated seasonal swamps and watercourses that meander across the dry inland plains allows Koalas to exist in surprisingly arid areas. Of the over 120 species of gum trees, only about 20 are not poisonous to Koalas.
Koala in Manna Gum forest, southern Victoria.Female Koalas are solitary and occupy distinct home ranges that they rarely leave. In the more fertile areas, these ranges overlap; in areas where suitable food trees are scarce they tend to be larger and more exclusive. Males are not territorial, but do not tolerate one another, particularly not during the breeding season: dominant individuals attack subordinate ones, and most adult males carry scars on their face, ears and forearms as a result.
Koalas are almost entirely arboreal. They do not make nests, simply sleep in a tree fork or on a branch. They climb using their powerful claws for grip, usually quite slowly but rapidly at need, and will leap confidently from one tree to another if they are reasonably close together. Longer distances are traversed on the ground in a slow but effective waddle. If threatened, Koalas break into a surprisingly athletic gallop, heading for the nearest tree and bounding up it to a safe height; then waiting, with the endless patience of a creature that routinely sleeps for 18 hours a day, for the intruder to go away.
Females reach sexual maturity at two years of age and, if healthy, will produce one young each year for about 12 years. Gestation is 35 days; twins are very rare. At birth, the tiny young crawls into the downward-facing pouch on the mother's belly (which is closed by a drawstring-like muscle that the mother can tighten at will) and attaches itself to one of the two teats. Young remain hidden in the pouch for about six months, and leave it permanently after 7 months. They remain with the mother for another six months or so, riding on her back, and feeding on both milk and gum leaves until weaning is complete at about 12 months of age. Young females disperse to nearby areas at that time; young males often stay in the mother's home range until they are two or three years old.
Although the Koala was hunted almost to extinction in the early 20th century, largely for its fur, conservation programs since then have succeeded in increasing populations substantially—to the point where large numbers of Koalas in some isolated areas where migration is not possible have needed to be culled or translocated, or else just left to destroy all food trees and then starve. Some colonies have been hard hit by disease, especially chlamydia.
Koala at Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaBecause of their appealing teddy bear appearance, koalas (like the Big Red and Eastern Grey Kangaroos) have a disproportionate conservation status: they are far more secure than many other Australian bird and mammal species, and commonly coexist with humans so long as their food supplies are ample. Nevertheless, Koalas occupy a more restricted range than formerly, and do require large areas to roam in. They are fairly solitary, nomadic creatures, and travel long distances along tree corridors in search of new territory and mates. The ever-increasing human population of the continent continues to cut these corridors for agricultural and residential development, forestry and road-building, marooning Koala colonies in decreasing areas of bush.
The Koala's scientific name comes from the Greek: phaskolos meaning "pouch" and; arktos meaning "bear". The cinereus part is Latin and means "ash-colored". Some people refer to the Koala as a Koala Bear—this is incorrect.
In popular Western culture, the animal is usually either depicted as a cuddly innocent, or as a curmudgeonly character never terribly impressed by the things he sees around him. Qantas airlines used a Koala who continually complains about the airline's reliability in a series of television commercials.
See also
Australian Koala Foundation
Wikimedia Commons has multimedia
Koala
Conservation status: Lower Risk
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Subclass: Marsupialia
Order: Diprotodontia
Suborder: Vombatiformes
Family: Phascolarctidae
Genus: Phascolarctos
Species: cinereus
Binomial name
Phascolarctos cinereus
Goldfuss, 1817
The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. Koalas are unmistakable: they are broadly similar in appearance to a wombat (which is their closest living relative) but have a thicker, softer coat, much larger ears, and longer limbs, which are equipped with large, sharp claws to assist with climbing. Weight varies from about 14 kg for a large, southern male, to about 5 kg for a small northern female. They are generally silent, but male Koalas have a very loud advertising call (a nasal snort that human children delight in imitating) that can be heard from almost a kilometre away during the breeding season.
Koalas are found all along the eastern coast of Australia from near Adelaide to the base of the Cape York Peninsula, and as far into the hinterland as there is enough rainfall to support suitable forest. The Koalas of South Australia were exterminated during the early part of the 20th century, but the state has since been repopulated with Victorian stock.
Although three subspecies have been described, these are arbitrary selections from a cline and are not generally accepted as valid. Following Bergmann's Rule, southern individuals from the cooler climates are larger. A typical Victorian Koala (formerly P. cinereus victor, see illustrations) has longer, thicker fur, is a darker, softer grey, often with chocolate-brown highlights on the back and forearms, and has more a more prominently light-coloured ventral side and fluffy white ear tufts. Typical weights are 12 kg for males and 8.5 kg for females. In tropical and sub-tropical Queensland, however, Koalas are smaller (at around 6.5 kg for an average male and just over 5 kg for an average female), a lighter, often rather scruffy, grey in colour, and have shorter, thinner fur. Queensland Koalas were previously classified as the subspecies P. cinereus adustus, and the intermediate forms in New South Wales as P. cinereus cinereus. The variation from one form to another is continuous, and there are substantial differences between individual Koalas in any given region.
Koalas live almost entirely on eucalyptus leaves. This is likely an evolutionary adaptation that takes advantage of an otherwise unfilled ecological niche, since eucalypt leaves are low in protein, high in indigestible substances, and contain phenolic terpene compounds that are toxic to most species. Like wombats and sloths, Koalas have a very low metabolic rate for a mammal (which conserves energy) and they rest motionless for about 20 hours a day, sleeping most of that time. They feed at any time of day, but usually at night. An average Koala eats a half-kilogram of eucalyptus leaves each day, chewing them in their powerful jaws to a very fine paste before swallowing. The liver deactivates the toxic components ready for excretion, and the hind gut is greatly enlarged to extract the maximum amount of nutrient from the poor quality diet. Much of this is done through bacterial fermentation: when young Koalas are being weaned, the mother passes unusually soft faeces rich in these bacteria to pass these essential digestive aids onto her offspring.
Koalas will eat the leaves of a wide range of gum trees, and even some exotic species, but they have firm preferences for particular varieties, which vary from one region to another: in the south Mana Gum, Blue Gum and Swamp Gum are favoured; Grey Gum and Tallowwood are important in the north, and the ubiquitous River Red Gum of the isolated seasonal swamps and watercourses that meander across the dry inland plains allows Koalas to exist in surprisingly arid areas. Of the over 120 species of gum trees, only about 20 are not poisonous to Koalas.
Koala in Manna Gum forest, southern Victoria.Female Koalas are solitary and occupy distinct home ranges that they rarely leave. In the more fertile areas, these ranges overlap; in areas where suitable food trees are scarce they tend to be larger and more exclusive. Males are not territorial, but do not tolerate one another, particularly not during the breeding season: dominant individuals attack subordinate ones, and most adult males carry scars on their face, ears and forearms as a result.
Koalas are almost entirely arboreal. They do not make nests, simply sleep in a tree fork or on a branch. They climb using their powerful claws for grip, usually quite slowly but rapidly at need, and will leap confidently from one tree to another if they are reasonably close together. Longer distances are traversed on the ground in a slow but effective waddle. If threatened, Koalas break into a surprisingly athletic gallop, heading for the nearest tree and bounding up it to a safe height; then waiting, with the endless patience of a creature that routinely sleeps for 18 hours a day, for the intruder to go away.
Females reach sexual maturity at two years of age and, if healthy, will produce one young each year for about 12 years. Gestation is 35 days; twins are very rare. At birth, the tiny young crawls into the downward-facing pouch on the mother's belly (which is closed by a drawstring-like muscle that the mother can tighten at will) and attaches itself to one of the two teats. Young remain hidden in the pouch for about six months, and leave it permanently after 7 months. They remain with the mother for another six months or so, riding on her back, and feeding on both milk and gum leaves until weaning is complete at about 12 months of age. Young females disperse to nearby areas at that time; young males often stay in the mother's home range until they are two or three years old.
Although the Koala was hunted almost to extinction in the early 20th century, largely for its fur, conservation programs since then have succeeded in increasing populations substantially—to the point where large numbers of Koalas in some isolated areas where migration is not possible have needed to be culled or translocated, or else just left to destroy all food trees and then starve. Some colonies have been hard hit by disease, especially chlamydia.
Koala at Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraliaBecause of their appealing teddy bear appearance, koalas (like the Big Red and Eastern Grey Kangaroos) have a disproportionate conservation status: they are far more secure than many other Australian bird and mammal species, and commonly coexist with humans so long as their food supplies are ample. Nevertheless, Koalas occupy a more restricted range than formerly, and do require large areas to roam in. They are fairly solitary, nomadic creatures, and travel long distances along tree corridors in search of new territory and mates. The ever-increasing human population of the continent continues to cut these corridors for agricultural and residential development, forestry and road-building, marooning Koala colonies in decreasing areas of bush.
The Koala's scientific name comes from the Greek: phaskolos meaning "pouch" and; arktos meaning "bear". The cinereus part is Latin and means "ash-colored". Some people refer to the Koala as a Koala Bear—this is incorrect.
In popular Western culture, the animal is usually either depicted as a cuddly innocent, or as a curmudgeonly character never terribly impressed by the things he sees around him. Qantas airlines used a Koala who continually complains about the airline's reliability in a series of television commercials.
See also
Australian Koala Foundation
Wikimedia Commons has multimedia
Encyclopedia----Koala Bears (disambiguation)
Encyclopedia > Koala (disambiguation)
A Koala is a marsupial native to Australia. For other uses, see Koala (disambiguation). ...
A Giant Koala is an extinct marsupial that was native to Australia. Binomial name Phascolarctos stirtoni The Giant Koala (Phascolarctos stirtoni) was an arboreal marsupial which existed in Australia during the Pleistocene epoch. ...
Koala may also refer to:
KoalaPad/Painter - a graphics tablet for home computers
Kid Koala - a.k.a Eric San, a Montreal-based DJ and turntablist
Caramello Koala - Australian confectionery made by the Cadbury Company
The Koala Brothers - an animated children's television show
Koala (web server) - an HTTP server
El Koala - a.k.a. Jesús Manuel Rodríguez, is a Spanish musician
The Koala - is a satirical comedy college paper
Adventures of the Little Koala - is an anime TV series that aired originally in Japan
Koala's March - is a bite-sized cookie snack with a sweet filling inside
Archibald the Koala - is an animatic animated children's television series
The Kwicky Koala Show - was a Saturday morning cartoon
KoalaPad shown with manual, stylus, and software for the C64. ... Eric San (born 1974 in Vancouver, Canada), who records under the name Kid Koala, is a Montreal, Quebec based DJ and turntablist. ... Caramello Koalas are Australian Confectionery made by the Cadbury Company. ... The Koala Brothers is an animated childrens television show that features the adventures of two brothers, Frank and Buster, as they seek to help their neighbors in a sleepy town in the Australian Outback. ... Jesús Manuel RodrÃguez, also known as El Koala, is a Spanish musician. ... Information Type College newspaper Editor(s) Nicholle Pierro Founded 1982 Frequency 2-3 times a quarter Circulation 6,000-8,000 Format Tabloid Mailing address UCSD, La Jolla, CA, U.S. Web address http://www. ... Adventures of the Little Koala was a Korean cartoon show that aired on Nickelodeon dubbed in English from 1987 to 1993. ... Koalas March ) is a bite-sized cookie snack with a sweet filling inside. ... Archibald the Koala is an animatic animated childrens television series produced by Millimages. ... The Kwicky Koala Show was a Saturday morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1981 for CBS. The program is notable for being among cartoon director Tex Averys final works (Avery died during production in 1980). ...
See also
Koala emblems and popular culture
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
A Koala is a marsupial native to Australia. For other uses, see Koala (disambiguation). ...
A Giant Koala is an extinct marsupial that was native to Australia. Binomial name Phascolarctos stirtoni The Giant Koala (Phascolarctos stirtoni) was an arboreal marsupial which existed in Australia during the Pleistocene epoch. ...
Koala may also refer to:
KoalaPad/Painter - a graphics tablet for home computers
Kid Koala - a.k.a Eric San, a Montreal-based DJ and turntablist
Caramello Koala - Australian confectionery made by the Cadbury Company
The Koala Brothers - an animated children's television show
Koala (web server) - an HTTP server
El Koala - a.k.a. Jesús Manuel Rodríguez, is a Spanish musician
The Koala - is a satirical comedy college paper
Adventures of the Little Koala - is an anime TV series that aired originally in Japan
Koala's March - is a bite-sized cookie snack with a sweet filling inside
Archibald the Koala - is an animatic animated children's television series
The Kwicky Koala Show - was a Saturday morning cartoon
KoalaPad shown with manual, stylus, and software for the C64. ... Eric San (born 1974 in Vancouver, Canada), who records under the name Kid Koala, is a Montreal, Quebec based DJ and turntablist. ... Caramello Koalas are Australian Confectionery made by the Cadbury Company. ... The Koala Brothers is an animated childrens television show that features the adventures of two brothers, Frank and Buster, as they seek to help their neighbors in a sleepy town in the Australian Outback. ... Jesús Manuel RodrÃguez, also known as El Koala, is a Spanish musician. ... Information Type College newspaper Editor(s) Nicholle Pierro Founded 1982 Frequency 2-3 times a quarter Circulation 6,000-8,000 Format Tabloid Mailing address UCSD, La Jolla, CA, U.S. Web address http://www. ... Adventures of the Little Koala was a Korean cartoon show that aired on Nickelodeon dubbed in English from 1987 to 1993. ... Koalas March ) is a bite-sized cookie snack with a sweet filling inside. ... Archibald the Koala is an animatic animated childrens television series produced by Millimages. ... The Kwicky Koala Show was a Saturday morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1981 for CBS. The program is notable for being among cartoon director Tex Averys final works (Avery died during production in 1980). ...
See also
Koala emblems and popular culture
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
Encyclopedia----Koala Bears
Encyclopedia > Koala
For other uses, see Koala (disambiguation).
Koala[1]
Conservation status
Near Threatened (IUCN 2.3)[2]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Infraclass: Marsupialia
Order: Diprotodontia
Suborder: Vombatiformes
Family: Phascolarctidae
Genus: Phascolarctos
Species: P. cinereus
Binomial name
Phascolarctos cinereus
(Goldfuss, 1817)
The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore native to Australia, and the only extant representative of the family Phascolarctidae. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1132x1113, 357 KB) Summary A Koala caught climbing up a tree. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species remaining extant either in the present day or the near future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn2. ... Near Threatened (NT) is an conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa which may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status. ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria For the folk-rock band see The Mammals. ... This article is about mammals. ... Suborders Vombatiformes Phalangeriformes Macropodiformes Diprotodontia is a large taxon of about 120 marsupial mammals including the kangaroos, wallabies, possums, Koala, wombats, and many others. ... Families Phascolarctidae Vombatidae Vombatiformes is one of the two suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. ... Binomial name Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss, 1817 The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. ... Species P. cinereus ††P. stirtoni The genus Phascolarctos consists of 3 species, of which only one (, the Koala) is alive today. ... Latin name redirects here. ... Georg August Goldfuss (April 18, 1782 - October 2, 1848) was a German palaeontologist. ... 1817 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The kinkajou is an arboreal mammal. ... This article is about mammals. ... A deer and two fawns feeding on some foliage A herbivore is often defined as any organism that eats only plants[1]. By that definition, many fungi, some bacteria, many animals, about 1% of flowering plants and some protists can be considered herbivores. ... In biology, extant taxon is commonly used in discussions of living and fossil species. ... The hierarchy of scientific classification In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. ... Binomial name Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss, 1817 The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. ...
The Koala is found in coastal regions of eastern and southern Australia, from near Adelaide to the southern part of Cape York Peninsula. Populations also extend for considerable distances inland in regions with enough moisture to support suitable woodlands. The Koalas of South Australia were largely exterminated during the early part of the 20th century, but the state has since been repopulated with Victorian stock. The Koala is not found in Tasmania or Western Australia. For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ... For the song, see South Australia (song). ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... VIC redirects here. ... Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person...
Contents
1 Names
2 Variation
3 Physical description
4 Life cycle
5 Ecology and behaviour
6 Conservation status
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Names
The word koala comes from Dharuk gula. Although the vowel /u/ was originally written in the Latin alphabet as "oo" (in spellings such as coola or koolah), it was changed to "oa" possibly due to an error.[3] The word is erroneously said to mean "doesn't drink".[3] Dharuk (also spelt Dharruk, Dharug, Daruk, and Darug) or the Sydney Language is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language. ... Abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz redirects here. ...
When first adopted by English speakers, the name Koala bear became popular, as this roughly evoked the species' appearance to people unfamiliar with it. Although taxonomically inaccurate, the name Koala bear is still in common use today.[4] Other descriptive English names based on "bear" have included monkey bear, native bear, and tree-bear.[3]
The scientific name of the koala's genus, Phascolarctos, is derived from Greek phaskolos "pouch" and arktos "bear". Its species name, cinereus, is Latin and means "ash-coloured".[5] For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...
Variation
A Southern Koala on Kangaroo Island, not native to the islandAlthough three subspecies have been described, these are arbitrary selections from a cline and are not generally accepted as valid. Following Bergmann's Rule, southern individuals from the cooler climates are larger. A typical Victorian Koala (formerly P. cinereus victor) has longer, thicker fur, is a darker, softer grey, often with chocolate-brown highlights on the back and forearms, and has a more prominently light-coloured ventral side and fluffy white ear tufts. Typical and New South Wales Koala weights are 12 kg (26 lb) for males and 8.5 kg (19 lb) for females. In tropical and sub-tropical Queensland, however, the Koala is smaller (at around 6.5 kg (14 lb) for an average male and just over 5 kg (11 lb) for an average female), a lighter often rather scruffy grey in colour, and has shorter, thinner fur. In Queensland the Koala was previously classified as the subspecies P. cinereus adustus, and the intermediate forms in New South Wales as P. cinereus cinereus. The variation from one form to another is continuous and there are substantial differences between individual Koalas in any given region such as hair colour. The origins of the koala are unclear, although almost certainly they descended from terrestrial wombat-like animals. Koala fossils are quite rare, but some have been found in northern Australia dating to 20 million years ago. During this time, the northern half of Australia was rainforest. The Koala did not specialise in a diet of eucalypts until the climate cooled and eucalyptus forests grew in the place of rainforests. The fossil record indicates that before 50,000 years ago, Giant Koalas inhabited the southern regions of Australia. The Koala fills the same ecological role as the sloth of South America. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 154 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Koala User:Cody. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 154 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Koala User:Cody. ... Kangaroo Island is Australias third largest island - after Tasmania and Melville Island. ... This article is about the zoological term. ... In population genetics, a cline is a gradual change of a character or feature (phenotype) in a species over a geographical area, often as a result of environmental heterogeneity. ... The large size of a polar bear allows it to radiate less heat in a cold climate. ... For other uses, see Queensland (disambiguation). ... NSW redirects here. ... For other uses, see Wombat (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fossil (disambiguation). ... For the novel, see Rainforest (novel). ... Binomial name Phascolarctos stirtoni The Giant Koala (Phascolarctos stirtoni) was an arboreal marsupial which existed in Australia during the Pleistocene epoch. ... This article is about the South American mammal. ...
Physical description
Koalas have a slow metabolism and sleep for most of the day.The Koala is broadly similar in appearance to the wombat (their closest living relatives[1]), but has a thicker coat, much larger ears and longer limbs. The Koala has large, sharp claws to assist with climbing tree trunks. Weight varies from about 14 kg (31 lb) for a large southern male, to about 5 kg (11 lb) for a small northern female. Koala's five fingers are arranged with opposable thumbs, providing better gripping ability. The first two fingers are positioned in apposition on the front paws, and the first three fingers for the hind paws[6]. The Koala is one of the few mammals (other than primates) that has fingerprints. Koala fingerprints are similar to human fingerprints; even with an electron microscope, it can be quite difficult to distinguish between the two. [7] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 398 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2000 × 3008 pixel, file size: 861 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 398 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2000 × 3008 pixel, file size: 861 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... For other uses, see Wombat (disambiguation). ... For the network protocol, see finger protocol. ... Missing image Thumbs up In human anatomy, the thumb is the first digit on a hand. ... This article is about human fingerprints. ...
The teeth of koalas are adapted to their herbivorous diet, and are similar to those of other diprotodont marsupials, such as kangaroos and wombats. They have sharp incisors to clip leaves at the front of the mouth, separated from the grinding cheek teeth by a wide diastema. The dental formula for koalas is: Species Diprotodon opatum Diprotodon minor Diprotodon loderi Diprotodon annextans Diprotodonts were the largest marsupials that ever lived. ... Species Macropus rufus Macropus giganteus Macropus fuliginosus Macropus antilopinus A kangaroo is a marsupial from the family Macropodidae (macropods, meaning large foot). In common use the term is used to describe the largest species from this family, the Red Kangaroo, the Antilopine Kangaroo, and the Eastern and Western Grey Kangaroo... Incisors (from Latin incidere, to cut) are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. ... Diastema is a gap or space between two teeth. ...
Dentition
3.1.1.4
1.0.1.4
The male koala, like many marsupials, has a bifurcated penis. The female has two lateral vaginae, a feature unique to the Koala, and it has two separate uteri which is common to all marsupials.[8] Dentition is the development of teeth and their arrangement in the mouth. ... A bifurcation (from latin bifurcare) can be river bifurcation - the (infrequently observed) forking of a river into distributaries a period-doubling phenomenon known from chaos theory, see: bifurcation diagram the partial or total splitting of a human penis for pleasurable or decorative reasons. ... The penis (plural penises, penes) is an external male sexual organ. ... The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ... This article is about female reproductive anatomy. ...
The brain in the ancestors of the modern Koala once filled the whole cranial cavity, but has become drastically reduced in the present species, a degeneration scientists suspects is an adaptation to a diet low in energy[1]. One of the smallest in marsupials with no more than 0.2% of its body weight[2], about 40% of the cranial cavity is filled with cerebrospinal fluid, while the brain's two cerebral hemispheres are like "a pair of shrivelled walnut halves on top of the brain stem, in contact neither with each other nor the bones of the skull. It is the only animal on Earth with such a strangely reduced brain."[9] For other uses, see Brain (disambiguation). ... The cranial cavity, or intracranial space, is the space formed inside the skull. ... Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), Liquor cerebrospinalis, is a clear bodily fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space in the brain (the space between the skull and the cerebral cortex—more specifically, between the arachnoid and pia layers of the meninges). ... The human brain as viewed from above, showing the cerebral hemispheres. ... For other uses, see Walnut (disambiguation). ... The brain stem is the lower part of the brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord. ... For other uses of Skull, see Skull (disambiguation). ...
It is generally a silent animal, but males have a very loud advertising call that can be heard from almost a kilometre away during the breeding season. When under stress, Koalas may issue a loud cry, which has been reported as similar to that of a human baby.[10] There is little reliable information about the lifespan of the Koala, but in captivity they have been observed to reach the age of 18 years.[6]
The inverted thumbs on the Koala's back feet help for grip while the koala changes branches or eats with its front hands.[citation needed]
Life cycle
Koala walking along a branch at Lone Pine Koala SanctuaryFemales reach maturity at 2 to 3 years of age, males at 3 to 4 years. If healthy, a female Koala can produce one young each year for about 12 years. Gestation is 35 days. Twins are very rare; the world's first confirmed identical twin koalas, named "Euca" and "Lyptus", were born at the University of Queensland in 1999.[11][12] Mating normally occurs between December and March, the Southern Hemisphere's summer. Gestation is the carrying of an embryo or fetus inside a female viviparous animal. ... The University of Queensland (UQ) is the longest-established university in the state of Queensland, Australia, a member of Australias Group of Eight, and the Sandstone Universities. ... southern hemisphere highlighted in yellow (Antarctica not depicted). ...
A baby Koala is referred to as a joey and is hairless, blind, and earless. At birth the joey, only a quarter of an inch long, crawls into the downward-facing pouch on the mother's belly (which is closed by a drawstring-like muscle that the mother can tighten at will) and attaches itself to one of the two teats. Young remain hidden in the pouch for about six months, only feeding on milk. During this time they grow ears, eyes, and fur. The joey then begins to explore outside of the pouch. At about this stage it begins to consume small quantities of the mother’s "pap" (formerly thought to be excrement, but now thought to come from the mother's caecum) in order to inoculate its gut with the microbes necessary to digest eucalypt leaves.[13] The baby Koala will remain with the mother for another six months or so, riding on her back, and feeding on both milk and eucalypt leaves until weaning is complete at about 12 months of age. Young females disperse to nearby areas at that time; young males often stay in the mother's home range until they are two or three years old. A joey of Tasmanian Pademelon looking out from the mothers pouch A joey is any infant marsupial. ... A goat kid feeding on its mothers milk Teat is an alternative word for the nipple of a mammary gland, in humans referred to as a breast, from which milk is discharged. ... In anatomy of the digestive system, the cecum or caecum is a pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon. ...
Ecology and behaviour
Koala with young
A Koala eating eucalyptus leaves in the rain.
Koalas at the Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, QueenslandThe Koala lives almost entirely on eucalypt leaves. This is likely to be an evolutionary adaptation that takes advantage of an otherwise unfilled ecological niche, since eucalypt leaves are low in protein, high in indigestible substances, and contain phenolic and terpene compounds that are toxic to most species. Like wombats and sloths, the Koala has a very low metabolic rate for a mammal and rests motionless for about 16 to 18 hours a day, sleeping most of that time. Koalas that are disturbed are known to be violent, their teeth and claws capable of causing considerable injury to humans; special handling requirements are as such applicable.[14] Image File history File links Koalas at Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia ( this photograph was taken by Figaro ) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Koalas at Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia ( this photograph was taken by Figaro ) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, which was founded in 1927, is the worlds oldest and largest Koala Sanctuary. ... For other uses, see Queensland (disambiguation). ... Eucalypts are tree species belonging to three closely related genera, Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus. ... Two lichens on a rock, in two different ecological niches In ecology, a niche (pronounced nich, neesh or nish)[1] is a term describing the relational position of a species or population in its ecosystem[1]. A shorthand definition is that a niche is how an organism makes a living. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin showing coloured alpha helices. ... Phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl functional group (-OH) attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. ... Many terpenes are derived from conifer resins, here a pine. ... This article is about the South American mammal. ... Structure of the coenzyme adenosine triphosphate, a central intermediate in energy metabolism. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria For the folk-rock band see The Mammals. ...
Handling of koalas has been a source of political contention due to these risks, which can also cause harm to the koala as well. [15]Koalas spend about three of their five active hours eating. Feeding occurs at any time of day, but usually at night. An average Koala eats 500 grams (18 oz) of eucalypt leaves each day, chewing them in its powerful jaws to a very fine paste before swallowing. The liver deactivates the toxic components ready for excretion, and the hind gut (especially the caecum) is greatly enlarged to extract the maximum amount of nutrient from the poor quality diet. Much of this is done through bacterial fermentation: when young are being weaned, the mother passes unusually soft faeces, called pap, which is rich in these bacteria, thus passing these essential digestive aids on to her offspring. The kidneys are important excretory organs in vertebrates. ... The cecum or caecum (from the Latin caecus meaning blind) is a pouch connected to the ascending colon of the large intestine and the ileum. ... Phyla Actinobacteria Aquificae Chlamydiae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Lentisphaerae Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Verrucomicrobia Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are unicellular microorganisms. ... For other uses, see Fermentation. ... Horse feces Feces, faeces, or fæces (see spelling differences) is a waste product from an animals digestive tract expelled through the anus (or cloaca) during defecation. ...
The Koala will eat the leaves of a wide range of eucalypts, and occasionally even some non-eucalypt species, but it has firm preferences for particular varieties. These preferences vary from one region to another: in the south Manna Gum, Blue Gum and Swamp Gum are favoured; Grey Gum and Tallowwood are important in the north, and the ubiquitous River Red Gum of the isolated seasonal swamps and watercourses that meander across the dry inland plains allows the Koala to exist in surprisingly arid areas. Many factors determine which of the 680 species of eucalypt trees the Koala eats. Among trees of their favourite species, however, the major factor that determines which individual trees the Koala chooses is the concentration of a group of phenolic toxins called formylated phloroglucinol compounds. Manna Gum (Eucalyptus viminalis) is a straight, erect tree to 50 m, with rough bark on the trunk and base of larger branches. ... Binomial name Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ... Swamp Gum may refer to a number of Eucalyptus species: Eucalyptus bensonii, Mountain Swamp Gum Eucalyptus camphora, Mountain Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata, Swamp Gum Eucalyptus regnans, Swamp Gum Eucalyptus rudis, Swamp Gum Category: ... Grey Gum (Eucalyptus punctata) favoured food of the koala in South East Queensland. ... Tallowwood (Eucalyptus microcorys) is a common species in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia that grows in coastal forests. ... Binomial name Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. ... In general terms, the climate of a locale or region is said to be arid when it is characterized by a severe lack of available water, to the extent of hindering or even preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. ...
Conservation status
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The Koala was hunted almost to extinction in the early 20th century, largely for its fur. Millions of furs were traded to Europe and the USA, and the population has not recovered from such decimation. Extensive cullings occurred in Queensland in 1915, 1917 and again in 1919 when over one million Koalas were killed with guns, poison and nooses.[16] The public outcry over the cullings was most likely the first wide-scale environmental issue that rallied Australians.[16] Despite the growing movement to protect native species, the drought of 1926-28 lead to the another 600 000 Koalas being killed during a one-month open season in August 1927.[16] Australia faces a number of environmental issues, including: Soil erosion as a result of overgrazing, industrial development, and poor farming practices Desertification; and limited natural freshwater sources due to aridity and very low runoff ratios (see Water distribution on earth). ... This article is about the hunting of prey by human society. ...
Today, habitat loss and the impacts of irresponsible urbanisation (for example dog attacks and traffic accidents) are the leading threats to the survival of koalas. In recent years, some colonies have been hard hit by disease, especially chlamydia. The Koala requires large areas of healthy, connected forest and will travel long distances along tree corridors in search of new territory and mates. The increasing human population of the coastal parts of the continent continues to cut these corridors by agricultural and residential development, forestry and road-building, marooning Koala colonies in decreasing areas of bush. The long term viability of koalas is therefore threatened by genetic weakness. The Australian Koala Foundation has mapped 40,000 km² (15,000 sq mi). of land for Koala habitat and claims it has strong evidence to suggest wild Koala populations are in serious decline throughout the species natural range. Although the species covers a massive area, only 'pieces' of Koala habitat remain. These pieces need to be managed, protected and restored in a coordinated way. Presently, many are being lost to weeds, cleared for agriculture, or carved up by developers. Other threats come from logging, poor management, attacks from feral and domestic animals, disease and roads. For other uses, see Habitat (disambiguation). ... Chlamydia is a common term for Chlamydiae. ... The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. ... A feral horse (an American mustang) in Wyoming A feral animal or plant is one that has escaped from domestication and returned, partly or wholly, to its wild state. ...
In contrast to the situation on much of the mainland, where populations are declining, the Koalas of many island and isolated populations have reached what some have described as "plague" proportions. On Kangaroo Island in South Australia, Koalas introduced some 90 years ago have thrived in the absence of predators and competition. Combined with an inability to migrate to new areas, this has caused the Koala populations to become unsustainable and threaten the Island's unique ecology. In particular, species of Manna Gum, native to the island, are being stripped by Koalas at a rate faster than they can regenerate, endangering local birds and invertebrates that rely on them, and causing the extinction of at least one isolated population of manna. Koala numbers are estimated at over 30,000, with ecologists suggesting that the Island can sustain 10,000 at most. Although culling has been suggested as a means to reduce Koala numbers, with the South Australian Government seriously considering such in 1996, this has met with fierce opposition both domestically and internationally, and the species remains protected. The popularity of the Koala has made the possibility of a cull politically improbable, with any negative perception likely to impact tourism and a government's electability. In place of a cull, sterilisation and translocation programmes have had only limited success in reducing numbers thus far, and remain expensive. There is evidence that Koalas relocated to the mainland have difficulty establishing themselves in the different circumstances. A mooted alternative to the complex sterilisation method, wherein the animal must first be captured, are hormonal implants that can be injected via darts. Kangaroo Island is Australias third largest island - after Tasmania and Melville Island. ... Manna Gum (Eucalyptus viminalis) is a straight, erect tree to 50 m, with rough bark on the trunk and base of larger branches. ... To cull is to remove from a group of animals those individuals who show signs of weakness. ... The form of the Government of South Australia is prescribed in its Constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times since then. ...
The Koala inhabits four Australian states. Under state legislation, the species is listed as:
Queensland - Common, or "Least Concern Wildlife" throughout the state, except in the relatively small South East Queensland Bioregion, where it is listed as Vulnerable.[17]
New South Wales - listed at a state scale as vulnerable, but varying regionally from "secure" to "locally extinct".[18]
South Australia - classified as Rare.[19]
Victoria - The koala population in Victoria is considered "large and thriving".[20]
The US Government have declared the koala a threatened species, however the Australian Government has not. A review of the species national conservation status concluded that the koala are not threatened at a national scale, with a population that numbers in the hundreds of thousands.[21] This was the third review undertaken by the federal government that came to this conclusion. Other studies have estimated as few as 80 000 koalas left in the wild, and the Australian Koala Foundation estimates there are around 100,000. The IUCN lists the species as "Lower Risk / Near Threatened".[2] The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ...
As with most native Australian animals, the Koala cannot legally be kept as a pet in Australia without a permit.[22]
See also
Koala emblems and popular culture
List of monotremes and marsupials
Fauna of Australia
Koalo 1810 print Koala emblems and popular culture deals with the uses which have been made of the image of the Koala such as coins, emblems, logos, mascots and in the naming of sports teams. ... The class Mammalia (the mammals) is divided into two subclasses based on reproductive techniques: egg laying mammals (the montremes); and mammals which give live birth. ... The Red Kangaroo is the largest macropod and is one of Australias heraldic animals, appearing with the Emu on the Coat of Arms of Australia. ...
References
^ a b Groves, Colin (16 November 2005). in Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 43. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
^ a b Australasian Marsupial & Monotreme Specialist Group (1996). Koala. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 2006-05-09.
^ a b c Dixon, R.M.W.; Moore, Bruce; Ramson, W. S.; Thomas, Mandy (2006). Australian Aboriginal Words in English: Their Origin and Meaning, 2nd ed., South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-554073-5.
^ Leitner, Gerhard; Sieloff, Inke (1998). "Aboriginal words and concepts in Australian English". World Englishes 17 (2): 153–169. doi:10.1111/1467-971X.00089.
^ Kidd, D.A. (1973). Collins Latin Gem Dictionary. London: Collins, 53. ISBN 0-00-458641-7.
^ a b Martin, Roger (1984). in Macdonald, D.: The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File, 872-875. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.
^ Henneberg, Maciej; Lambert, Kosette M., Leigh, Chris M. (1997). "Fingerprint homoplasy: koalas and humans". naturalSCIENCE.com 1.
^ Dawson, T.J.; Finch, E., Freedman, L., Hume, I.D., Renfree, M., Temple-Smith, P.D.. "Fauna of Australia; 17. Morphology and Physiology of Metatheria": pp. 51, 53.
^ Flannery, T.F. (1994). The Future Eaters: An ecological History of the Australasian Lands and People. Sydney: Reed New Holland, 86.
^ Facts about Koalas
^ Koala Research
^ University of Queensland Koala Study program
^ Martin, Roger; Handasyde, Kathrine Ann (1999). The Koala: Natural History, Conservation and Management, 2nd ed., Australian Natural History Series, UNSW Press, pp. 64-65. ISBN 0868405442.
^ Acrobat Distiller, Job 4
^ Koalas Welfare - 16/11/1995 - ADJ - NSW Parliament
^ a b c Evans, Raymond (2007). A History of Queensland. Port Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press, 168. ISBN 9780521876926.
^ Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service. EPA/QPWS Koala designation.
^ New South Wales Parks and Wildlife Service. NSWPWS Koala designation.
^ Australian Koala Foundation. Koala conservation status (FAQs).
^ Department of Sustainability and the Environment. Victorian Koala designation.
^ Australian Government. Environmental assessment of koala's conservation status.
^ Australian Koala Foundation. Frequently asked questions (FAQs).
Dr Colin Groves is a Professor of Biological Anthropology at the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia. ... is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. ... The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. ...
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Koala
Wikispecies has information related to:
Phascolarctos cinereus
Australian Koala Foundation
Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary
The Koala
v • d • eExtant Diprotodontia species
Suborder Vombatiformes
Phascolarctidae Phascolarctos Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vombatidae Vombatus Common Wombat (Vombatus ursinus)
Lasiorhinus Southern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) · Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus krefftii)
Suborder Phalangeriformes (cont. below)
Phalangeridae Ailurops Talaud Bear Cuscus (Ailurops melanotis) · Sulawesi Bear Cuscus (Ailurops ursinus)
Phalanger Gebe Cuscus (Phalanger alexandrae) · Mountain Cuscus (Phalanger carmelitae) · Ground Cuscus (Phalanger gymnotis) · Eastern Common Cuscus (Phalanger intercastellanus) · Woodlark Cuscus (Phalanger lullulae) · Blue-eyed Cuscus (Phalanger matabiru) · Telefomin Cuscus (Phalanger matanim) · Southern Common Cuscus (Phalanger mimicus) · Northern Common Cuscus (Phalanger orientalis) · Ornate Cuscus (Phalanger ornatus) · Rothschild's Cuscus (Phalanger rothschildi) · Silky Cuscus (Phalanger sericeus) · Stein's Cuscus (Phalanger vestitus)
Spilocuscus Admiralty Island Cuscus (Spilocuscus kraemeri) · Common Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) · Waigeou Cuscus (Spilocuscus papuensis) · Black-spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus rufoniger) · Blue-eyed Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus wilsoni)
Strigocuscus Sulawesi Dwarf Cuscus (Strigocuscus celebensis) · Banggai Cuscus (Strigocuscus pelegensis)
Trichosurus Northern Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus arnhemensis) · Short-eared Possum (Trichosurus caninus) · Mountain Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus cunninghami) · Coppery Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus johnstonii) · Common Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)
Wyulda Scaly-tailed Possum (Wyulda squamicaudata)
Burramyidae Burramys Mountain Pygmy Possum (Burramys parvus)
Cercartetus Long-tailed Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus caudatus) · Southwestern Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus concinnus) · Tasmanian Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus lepidus) · Eastern Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus nanus)
Suborder Phalangeriformes (cont. above)
Tarsipedidae Tarsipes Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus)
Petauridae Dactylopsila Great-tailed Triok (Dactylopsila megalura) · Long-fingered Triok (Dactylopsila palpator) · Tate's Triok (Dactylopsila tatei) · Striped Possum (Dactylopsila trivirgata)
Gymnobelideus Leadbeater's Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri)
Petaurus Northern Glider (Petaurus abidi) · Yellow-bellied Glider (Petaurus australis) · Biak Glider (Petaurus biacensis) · Sugar Glider (Petaurus breviceps) · Mahogany Glider (Petaurus gracilis) · Squirrel Glider (Petaurus norfolcensis)
Pseudocheiridae Hemibelideus Lemur-like Ringtail Possum (Hemibelideus lemuroides)
Petauroides Greater Glider (Petauroides volans)
Petropseudes Rock-haunting Ringtail Possum (Petropseudes dahli)
Pseudocheirus Common Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus)
Pseudochirulus Lowland Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus canescens) · Weyland Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus caroli) · Cinereus Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus cinereus) · Painted Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus forbesi) · Herbert River Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus herbertensis) · Masked Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus larvatus) · Pygmy Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus mayeri) · Vogelkop Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus schlegeli)
Pseudochirops D'Albertis' Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops albertisii) · Green Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops archeri) · Plush-coated Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops corinnae) · Reclusive Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops coronatus) · Coppery Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops cupreus)
Acrobatidae Acrobates Feathertail Glider (Acrobates pygmaeus)
Distoechurus Feather-tailed Possum (Distoechurus pennatus)
Suborder Macropodiformes (cont. below)
Macropodidae Lagostrophus Banded Hare-wallaby (Lagostrophus fasciatus)
Dendrolagus Grizzled Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus inustus) · Lumholtz's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus lumholtzi) · Bennett's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus bennettianus) · Ursine Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus ursinus) · Matschie's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus matschiei) · Doria's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus dorianus) · Goodfellow's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus goodfellowi) · Lowlands Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus spadix) · Golden-mantled Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus pulcherrimus) · Seri's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus stellarum) · Dingiso (Dendrolagus mbaiso) · Tenkile (Dendrolagus scottae)
Dorcopsis Brown Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis muelleri) · White-striped Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis hageni) · Black Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis atrata) · Gray Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis luctuosa)
Dorcopsulus Small Dorcopsis (Dorcopsulus vanheurni) · Macleay's Dorcopsis (Dorcopsulus macleayi)
Lagorchestes Spectacled Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes conspicillatus) · Rufous Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus)
Macropus Subgenus Notamacropus: Agile Wallaby (Macropus agilis) · Black-striped Wallaby (Macropus dorsalis) · Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) · Western Brush Wallaby (Macropus irma) · Parma Wallaby (Macropus parma) · Pretty-faced Wallaby (Macropus parryi) · Red-necked Wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus)
Subgenus Osphranter: Antilopine Kangaroo (Macropus antilopinus) · Woodward's Wallaroo (Macropus bernadus) · Eastern Wallaroo (Macropus robustus) · Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus)
Subgenus Macropus: Western Grey Kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus) · Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus)
Onychogalea Bridled Nail-tail Wallaby (Onychogalea fraenata) · Northern Nail-tail Wallaby (Onychogalea unguifera)
Petrogale P. brachyotis species-group: Short-eared Rock-wallaby (Petrogale brachyotis) · Monjon (Petrogale burbidgei) · Nabarlek (Petrogale concinna)
P. xanthopus species-group: Proserpine Rock-wallaby (Petrogale persephone) · Rothschild's Rock-wallaby (Petrogale rothschildi) · Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus)
P. lateralis/penicillata species-group: Allied Rock-wallaby (Petrogale assimilis) · Cape York Rock-wallaby (Petrogale coenensis) · Godman's Rock-wallaby (Petrogale godmani) · Herbert's Rock-wallaby (Petrogale herberti) · Unadorned Rock-wallaby (Petrogale inornata) · Black-flanked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) · Mareeba Rock-wallaby (Petrogale mareeba) · Brush-tailed Rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) · Purple-necked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale purpureicollis) · Mt. Claro Rock-wallaby (Petrogale sharmani)
Setonix Quokka (Setonix brachyurus)
Thylogale Tasmanian Pademelon (Thylogale billardierii) · Brown's Pademelon (Thylogale browni) · Dusky Pademelon (Thylogale brunii) · Calaby's Pademelon (Thylogale calabyi) · Mountain Pademelon (Thylogale lanatus) · Red-legged Pademelon (Thylogale stigmatica) · Red-necked Pademelon (Thylogale thetis)
Wallabia Swamp Wallaby (Wallabia bicolor)
Suborder Macropodiformes (cont. above)
Potoroidae Aepyprymnus Rufous Rat-kangaroo (Aepyprymnus rufescens)
Bettongia Eastern Bettong (Bettongia gaimardi) · Boodie (Bettongia lesueur) · Woylie (Bettongia penicillata) · Northern Bettong (Bettongia tropica)
Potorous Long-footed Potoroo (Potorous longipes) · Long-nosed Potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) · Gilbert's Potoroo (Potorous gilbertii)
Hypsiprymnodontidae Hypsiprymnodon Musky Rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodon moschatus)
Image File history File links Wikispecies-logo. ... Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation that aims to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species (including animalia, plantae, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protista). ... Suborders Vombatiformes Phalangeriformes Macropodiformes Diprotodontia is a large taxon of about 120 marsupial mammals including the kangaroos, wallabies, possums, Koala, wombats, and many others. ... Families Phascolarctidae Vombatidae Vombatiformes is one of the two suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. ... Binomial name Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss, 1817 The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. ... Species P. cinereus ††P. stirtoni The genus Phascolarctos consists of 3 species, of which only one (, the Koala) is alive today. ... For other uses, see Wombat (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800) The Common Wombat (Vombatus ursinus) is one of three species of wombat and the only one in the Vombatus genus. ... Binomial name Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800) The Common Wombat (Vombatus ursinus) is one of three species of wombat and the only one in the Vombatus genus. ... Binomial name (Owen, 1845) The Southern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) is one of three species of wombats. ... Binomial name (Owen, 1873) The Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus krefftii), also known as the Yaminon, is one of three species of wombats. ... For other uses, see Possum (disambiguation). ... A possum is any of about 25 small to medium-sized arboreal marsupials native to Australia. ... Binomial name (Temminck, 1824) Synonyms Phalanger ursinus (Temminck, 1824) The Sulawesi Bear Cuscus or Sulawesi Bear Phalanger (Ailurops ursinus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Phalanger intercastellanus Thomas, 1895 The Southern Common Cuscus (Phalanger intercastellanus) is also known as Grey Cuscus, Grey Phalanger, and To-ili. ... Binomial name Flannery T. F & Boeadi 1995 The Gebe Cuscus (Phalanger alexandrae) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1898 The Mountain Cuscus (Phalanger carmelitae) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Peters & Doria, 1875) Synonyms Strigocuscus gymnotis (Peters & Doria 1875) The Ground Cuscus (Phalanger gymnotis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1895 The Eastern Common Cuscus (Phalanger intercastellanus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1896 The Woodlark Cuscus (Phalanger lullulae) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Phalanger matanim Flannery, 1987 The Telefomin Cuscus (Phalanger matanim) is a possum found on New Guinea. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1895 The Southern Common Cuscus (Phalanger mimicus) is also known as Grey Cuscus, Grey Phalanger, and To-ili. ... Binomial name (Pallas, 1766) The Grey Cuscus or Northern Common Cuscus (Phalanger orientalis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Gray, 1860) The Ornate Cuscus (Phalanger ornatus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1898 The Rothschilds Cuscus (Phalanger rothschildi) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1907 The Silky Cuscus (Phalanger sericeus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Milne-Edwards, 1877) The Steins Cuscus (Phalanger vestitus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Species Spilocuscus kraemeri Spilocuscus maculatus Spilocuscus papuensis Spilocuscus rufoniger Spilocuscus wilsoni Spilocuscus is a genus of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (E. Geoffroy, 1803) The Common Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) is a cuscus (also known as a phalanger) is a marsupial animal that lives in the Cape York Peninsula region of Australia and New Guinea. ... Binomial name (Desmarest, 1822) The Waigeou Cuscus or Waigeou Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus papuensis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Zimara, 1937) The Black-spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus rufoniger) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Strigocuscus is a genus of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Gray, 1858) The Sulawesi Dwarf Cuscus (Strigocuscus celebensis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Tate, 1945) The Banggai Cuscus (Strigocuscus pelengensis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Ogilby, 1836) The Short-eared Possum (Trichosurus caninus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Lindemayer, Dubach and Viggers, 2002 The Mountain Brushtail Possum, or Bobuck (Trichosurus cunninghami), is a nocturnal, semi-arboreal marsupial of the family Phalangeridae that lives in wet sclerophyll forest in South-Eastern Australia. ... Binomial name Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr, 1792) The Common Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula, from the Greek for furry tailed and the Latin for little fox) is the largest possum, and the Australian marsupial most often seen by city-dwellers, since it is one the very few that thrives in cities as... Binomial name Wyulda squamicaudata Alexander, 1919 The Scaly-tailed Possum (Wyulda squamicaudata), sometimes known as the Wyulda, is a monogeneric species of possum found in northwestern Australia. ... Binomial name Wyulda squamicaudata Alexander, 1919 The Scaly-tailed Possum (Wyulda squamicaudata), sometimes known as the Wyulda, is a monogeneric species of possum found in northwestern Australia. ... Genera Burramys Cercartetus The pygmy possums are the small possums of the family Burramyidae. ... Binomial name Burramys parvus Broom, 1896 The Mountain Pygmy Possum (Burramys parvus) is a small, mouse-sized (weighs 45 g) nocturnal marsupial of Australia found in dense alpine rock screes and boulder fields, mainly southern Victoria and Tasmania but also around Mount Kosciusko in New South Wales. ... Binomial name Burramys parvus Broom, 1896 The Mountain Pygmy Possum (Burramys parvus) is a small, mouse-sized (weighs 45 g) nocturnal marsupial of Australia found in dense alpine rock screes and boulder fields, mainly southern Victoria and around Mount Kosciusko in New South Wales. ... Type Species Phalangista nana (Desmarest, 1818) Species C. caudatus C. concinnus C. lepidus C. nanus The genus Cercartetus is a group of small possums. ... Binomial name Cercartetus caudatus (Milne-Edwards, 1877) The Long-tailed Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus caudatus) is a diprotodont marsupial found in the rainforests of northern Australia, Indonesia and New Guinea. ... Binomial name Cercartetus concinnus (Gould, 1845) The Southwestern Pygmy Possum (Cercatetus concinnus), commonly known as the Western Pygmy Possum or the Mundarda, is a small marsupial found in Australia. ... Binomial name Cercartetus lepidus Thomas, 1888 The Tasmanian Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus lepidus), also known as the Little Pygmy Possum, is Australias smallest possum. ... Binomial name Cercartetus nanus (Desmarest, 1818) The Eastern Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus nanus) is a diprotodont marsupial of south-eastern Australia. ... For other uses, see Possum (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Tarsipes rostratus Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 The Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus) or Noolbenger is a tiny Australian marsupial weighing just five to 10 grams—about half the size of a mouse. ... Binomial name Tarsipes rostratus Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 The Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus) or Noolbenger is a tiny Australian marsupial weighing just five to 10 grams—about half the size of a mouse. ... Binomial name Tarsipes rostratus Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 The Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus) or Noolbenger is a tiny Australian marsupial weighing just five to 10 grams—about half the size of a mouse. ... Genera Dactylopsila Gymnobelideus Petaurus The family Petauridae includes 11 medium-sized possum species: four striped possums, the six species wrist-winged gliders in genus Petaurus, and Leadbeaters Possum which has only vestigal gliding membranes. ... Dactylopsila megalura Dactylopsila palpator Dactylopsila tatei Dactylopsila trivirgata Dactylopsila is a genus of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Rothschild & Dollman, 1932 The Great-tailed Triok (Dactylopsila megalura) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Milne-Edwards, 1888 The Long-fingered Triok (Dactylopsila palpator) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Laurie, 1952 The Fergusson Island Striped Possum or Tates Triok (Dactylopsila tatei) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Dactylopsila trivirgata Gray, 1858 The Striped Possum (Dactylopsila trivirgata) is a member of the Petauridae family, one of the marsupial families. ... Binomial name Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, 1867 Leadbeaters Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) is an endangered possum restricted to small pockets of remaining old growth Mountain Ash forests in the cool, misty highlands of Victoria, Australia. ... Binomial name Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, 1867 Leadbeaters Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) is an endangered possum restricted to small pockets of remaining old growth Mountain Ash forests in the cool, misty highlands of Victoria, Australia. ... Type Species Petaurus australis Shaw, 1791 Species Petaurus breviceps Petaurus australis Petaurus gracilis Petaurus abidi Petaurus biancensis Petaurus norfolcensis The genus Petaurus contains flying phalangers or wrist-winged gliders, a group of arboreal marsupials which includes the Sugar Glider. ... Binomial name Ziegler, 1981 The Northern Glider (Petaurus abidi) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Petaurus australis Shaw, 1791 The Yellow-bellied Glider (Petaurus australis), also known as the Fluffy Glider, is about the size of a rabbit, and has a grey-brown back and is off-white to orange underneath, with large pointed ears and a long tail. ... Binomial name Ulmer, 1940 The Biak Glider (Petaurus biacensis) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Waterhouse, 1839 The Sugar Glider (Petaurus breviceps) is a small gliding possum native to eastern and northern mainland Australia, New Guinea, and the Bismarck Archipelago, and introduced to Tasmania. ... Binomial name Petaurus gracilis (de Vis, 1883) The Mahogany Glider (Petaurus gracilis), which is named for its mahogany-brown colour, is a highly endangered possum, very similar in appearance to both the smaller sized Sugar Glider and Squirrel Glider. ... Binomial name Petaurus norfolcensis (Kerr, 1792) The Squirrel Glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) is a gliding possum of the Marsupial family Petauridae. ... A possum is any of about 25 small to medium-sized arboreal marsupials native to Australia. ... Binomial name Hemibelideus lemuroides {Collett, 1884} The Lemur-like Ringtail Possum (Hemibelideus lemuroides), also known as the Lemuroid Ringtail Possum, is one of the most singular members of the ringtail possum group. ... Binomial name Hemibelideus lemuroides {Collett, 1884} The Lemur-like Ringtail Possum (Hemibelideus lemuroides), also known as the Lemuroid Ringtail Possum, is one of the most singular members of the ringtail possum group. ... Binomial name Petauroides volans (Kerr, 1792) The Greater Glider (Petauroides volans) is a large gliding possum found in Australia. ... Binomial name Petauroides volans (Kerr, 1792) The Greater Glider (Petauroides volans) is a large gliding possum found in Australia. ... Binomial name (Collett, 1895) The Rock-haunting Ringtail Possum (Petropseudes dahli), also known as the Rock Ringtail Possum, is a species of Australian possum. ... Binomial name (Collett, 1895) The Rock-haunting Ringtail Possum (Petropseudes dahli), also known as the Rock Ringtail Possum, is a species of Australian possum. ... Binomial name Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Boddaert, 1785) The Common Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) is an Australian marsupial. ... Binomial name Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Boddaert, 1785) The Common Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) is an Australian marsupial. ... Species Pseudochirulus canescens Pseudochirulus caroli Pseudochirulus cinereus Pseudochirulus forbesi Pseudochirulus herbertensis Pseudochirulus larvatus Pseudochirulus mayeri Pseudochirulus schlegeli Pseudochirulus is a genus of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name (Waterhouse, 1846) Synonyms Pseudocheirus canescens (Waterhouse, 1846) The Lowland Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus canescens) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1921 The Weyland Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus caroli) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Pseudochirulus cinereus Tate, 1945 The Cinereus Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus cinereus), also known as the Daintree River Ringtail Possum, is a species of possum found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name (Thomas, 1887) Synonyms Pseudocheirus forbesi (Thomas, 1887) The Moss-forest Ringtail Possum or Painted Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus forbesi) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Pseudochirulus herbertensis (Collett, 1884) The Herbert River Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus herbertensis) is a species of possum found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name (Rothschild & Dollman, 1932) Synonyms Pseudocheirus mayeri (Rothschild & Dollman, 1932) The Pygmy Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus mayeri) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name (Jentink, 1884) Synonyms Pseudochirulus schlegeli (Jentink, 1884) The Vogelkop Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus schlegeli) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Species Pseudochirops albertisii Pseudochirops archeri Pseudochirops corinnae Pseudochirops coronatus Pseudochirops cupreus Pseudochirops is a genus of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name (Peters, 1874) The DAlbertis Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops albertisii) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Pseudochirops archeri (Collett, 1884) The Green Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops archeri) is a species of ringtail possum found only in northern Australia. ... Binomial name (Thomas, 1897) The Goldon Ringtail Possum or Plush-coated Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops corinnae) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1897 The Reclusive Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops coronatus) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name (Thomas, 1897) The Coppery Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops cupreus) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Genera Acrobates Distoechurus Acrobatidae is a small family of marsupials contains two genera, each with a single species, the Feathertail Glider (Acrobates pygmaeus) from Australia and Feathertail Possum (Distoechurus pennatus) from New Guinea. ... Binomial name Acrobates pygmaeus (Shaw, 1793) The Feathertail Glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), also known as the Pygmy Gliding Possum, Pygmy Glider, Pygmy Phalanger and Flying Mouse,[3] is the worlds smallest gliding mammal, and is named for its long feather-shaped tail. ... Binomial name Acrobates pygmaeus (Shaw, 1793) The Feathertail Glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), also known as the Pygmy Gliding Possum, Pygmy Glider, Pygmy Phalanger and Flying Mouse,[3] is the worlds smallest gliding mammal, and is named for its long feather-shaped tail. ... Binomial name (Peters, 1874) The Feather-tailed Possum (Distoechurus pennatus) is a species of marsupial in the Acrobatidae family. ... Binomial name (Peters, 1874) The Feather-tailed Possum (Distoechurus pennatus) is a species of marsupial in the Acrobatidae family. ... Families Hypsiprymnodontidae Macropodidae Potoroidae Macropodiformes is one of the three suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. ... Genera Lagostrophus Dendrolagus Dorcopsis Dorcopsulus Lagorchestes Macropus Onychogalea Petrogale Setonix Thylogale Wallabia Tree kangaroos have smaller ears for easier maneuvering between tree branches, and much longer tail. ... Binomial name Lagostrophus fasciatus (Péron & Lesueur, 1807) The Banded Hare-wallaby (or munning), Lagostrophus fasciatus, is an endangered mammal native to south-western Australia. ... Binomial name Lagostrophus fasciatus (Péron & Lesueur, 1807) The Banded Hare-wallaby (or munning), Lagostrophus fasciatus, is an endangered mammal native to south-western Australia. ... Species About 9; see text. ... Binomial name Dendrolagus lumholtzi Collett, 1884 Lumholtzs Tree-kangaroo is a heavy-bodied tree-kangaroo found in rain forests of the Atherton Tableland Region of Queensland. ... Binomial name Dendrolagus bennettianus De Vis, 1887 Bennetts Tree-kangaroo is a large tree-kangaroo. ... Binomial name Dendrolagus matschiei Forster & Rothschild, 1907 Matschies Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus matschiei), also known as the Huon Tree-kangaroo belongs to the family Macropodidae, which includes about 55 species of kangaroos, wallabies and their relatives. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1908 Goodfellows Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus goodfellowi), also called the Ornate Tree Kangaroo, belongs to the family Macropodidae, which includes kangaroos, wallabies and their relatives,[3] and the genus Dendrolagus, with eleven other species. ... Binomial name Dendrolagus mbaiso Flannery, Boeadi & Szalay, 1995 The Dingiso or Bondegezou, Dendrolagus mbaiso, is a species of tree kangaroo native to Irian Jaya (Indonesian New Guinea). ... Binomial name Flannery & Seri, 1990 The Tenkile (Dendrolagus scottae), also known as Scotts Tree-kangaroo, is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... The dorcopsises are the marsupials of the genus Dorcopsis and Dorcopsulus. ... Binomial name (Lesson, 1827) The Brown Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis muelleri) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name Heller, 1897 The Greater Forest-wallaby or White-striped Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis hageni) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name Van Deusen, 1957 The Black Dorcopsis or Black Forest-wallaby (Dorcopsis atrata) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name (DAlbertis, 1874) The Gray Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis luctuosa) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Species Dorcopsulus macleayi Dorcopsulus vanheurni Dorcopsulus is a genus of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name (Thomas, 1922) The Lesser Forest-wallaby or Small Dorcopsis (Dorcopsulus vanheurni) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name (Miklouho-Maclay, 1885) Macleays Dorcopsis (Dorcopsulus macleayi), also known as the Papuan Dorcopsis or the Papuan Forest-wallaby, is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Red-necked Wallaby A wallaby (sometimes spelled wallabee) is any of about 30 species of macropod (family macropodidae). ... Binomial name Lagorchestes conspicillatus Gould, 1842 The Spectacled Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes conspicillatus) is a species of macropod found in Australia. ... Binomial name Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould, 1844 The Rufous Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus), also known as the Mala, is a small macropod found in Australia. ... This article is about kangaroos, the marsupial. ... Binomial name Macropus agilis (Gould, 1842) The Agile Wallaby (Macropus agilis), also known as the Sandy Wallaby, is a species of wallaby found in northern Australia and New Guinea. ... Binomial name Macropus dorsalis {Gray, 1837) The Black-striped Wallaby (Macropus dorsalis), also known as the Scrub Wallaby, is a medium-sized wallaby found in Australia, from Townsville in Queensland to Narrabri in New South Wales. ... Binomial name Macropus eugenii The Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) is a small member of the kangaroo family and is the type species for research on kangaroos and marsupials. ... Binomial name Macropus irma (Jourdan, 1837) The Western Brush Wallaby (Macropus irma), also known as the Black-gloved Wallaby, is a species of wallaby found in southwestern Western Australia. ... Binomial name Macropus parma The Parma Wallaby (Macropus parma) was first described by the great Australian naturalist John Gould in about 1840. ... Binomial name Macropus parryi Bennett, 1835 The Pretty-faced Wallaby (Macropus parryi), also known as the Whiptail Wallaby, is a species of wallaby found in eastern Australia. ... Binomial name Desmarest, 1817 The Red-necked Wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus) is a medium-sized macropod, common in the more temperate and fertile parts of eastern Australia. ... Binomial name Macropus antilopinus (Gould, 1842) The Antilopine Kangaroo (Macropus antilopinus), sometimes called the Antilopine Wallaroo or the Antilopine Wallaby, is a species of macropod found in northern Australia: in Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, the Top End of the Northern Territory, and the Kimberley region of Western Australia. ... Binomial name Macropus robustus Gould, 1841 The Eastern Wallaroo (Macropus robustus), also known as the Common Wallaroo, the Hill Wallaroo or the Euro, is a large, variable species of macropod found throughout much of the Australian mainland. ... Binomial name Desmarest, 1822 The Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus) is the largest of all kangaroos, the largest mammal native to Australia, and the largest surviving marsupial. ... Binomial name Desmarest, 1817 The Western Grey Kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosis or alternately Macropus fuliginosus) is a large and very common macropod, found across almost the entire southern part of Australia, from just south of Shark Bay to coastal South Australia, western Victoria, and the entire Murray-Darling Basin in New... Binomial name Shaw, 1790 The Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) is a marsupial found in southern and eastern Australia, with a population of several million. ... Species O. fraenata O. lunata O. unguifera The nail-tail wallabies (genus Onychogalea) are three species of macropod found in Australia. ... Binomial name Onychogalea fraenata (Gould, 1841) The Bridled Nail-tail Wallaby Onychogalea fraenata is a wallaby which has white bridle line, running down from the back of the neck. ... Binomial name Onychogalea unguifera (Gould, 1841) The Northern Nail-tail Wallaby (Onychogalea unguifera), also known as the Sandy Nail-tail Wallaby, is a species of macropod found in Queensland, Western Australia and Northern Territory. ... Species 16, see text The rock-wallabies are the wallabies of the genus Petrogale. ... Binomial name Petrogale brachyotis (Gould, 1841) The Short-eared Rock-wallaby (Petrogale brachyotis) is a species of rock-wallaby found in northern Australia, in the northernmost parts of Northern Territory and Western Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale burbidgei Kitchener & Sanson, 1978 The Monjon (Petrogale burbidgei), also known as the Warabi, is the smallest of the many species of rock-wallaby found in Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale concinna Gould, 1842 The Nabarlek (Petrogale concinna), also known as the Pygmy Rock-wallaby or the Little Rock-wallaby, is a very small species of macropod found in northern Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale persephone Maynes, 1982 The Proserpine Rock-wallaby (Petrogale persephone) is a species of rock-wallaby restricted to a small area in the Whitsunday Shire in Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale rothschildi Thomas, 1904 Rothschilds Rock-wallaby (Petrogale rothschildi), sometimes known as the Roebourne Rock-wallaby, is a species of macropod found in Western Australia, in the Pilbara district and the Dampier Archipelago. ... Binomial name Petrogale xanthopus Gray, 1855 The Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus) is a member of the macropod family (the marsupial family that includes the kangaroos, wallabies, tree-kangaroos, wallaroos, and others). ... Binomial name Petrogale assimilis Ramsay, 1877 The Allied Rock-wallaby (Petrogale assimilis) is a species of rock-wallaby found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale coenensis Eldridge & Close, 1992 The Cape York Rock-wallaby (Petrogale coenensis) is a species of rock-wallaby restricted to Cape York Peninsula in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale godmani Thomas, 1923 The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Binomial name Petrogale herberti Thomas, 1926 Herberts Rock-wallaby (Petrogale herberti) is a member of a group of seven very closely-related rock-wallabies found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale inornata Gould, 1842 The Unadorned Rock-wallaby (Petrogale inornata) is a member of a group of closely related rock-wallabies found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale lateralis (Gray, 1827) The Black-flanked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis), also known as the Black-footed Rock-wallaby or Warru is a kind of wallaby, one of several rock-wallabies in the genus Petrogale. ... Binomial name Petrogale mareeba Eldridge & Close, 1992 The Mareeba Rock-wallaby (Petrogale mareeba) is a species of rock-wallaby found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale penicillata (Gray, 1827) The Brush-tailed Rock-wallaby or Small-eared Rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) is a kind of wallaby, one of several rock-wallabies in the genus Petrogale. ... Binomial name Petrogale purpureicollis (Le Souef, 1924) The Purple-necked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale purpureicollis) was first classified in 1924 by Albert Sherbourne Le Souef, then director of the Taronga Zoo in Sydney, Australia, who noted a strange purple coloration around the neck as well as skull differences separating it from... Binomial name Petrogale sharmani Eldridge & Close, 1992 The Mt. ... Binomial name (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Quokka, Melbourne Zoo The Quokka (Setonix brachyurus) is a small macropod, about the size of a large domestic cat. ... Binomial name (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Quokka, Melbourne Zoo The Quokka (Setonix brachyurus) is a small macropod, about the size of a large domestic cat. ... Type Species Halmaturus (Thylogale) eugenii Gray, 1837 (= Halmaturus thetis Lesson, 1828) Species Thylogale billardierii Thylogale browni Thylogale brunii Thylogale calabyi Thylogale lanatus Thylogale stigmatica Thylogale thetis Tasmanian pademelon eating a slice of apple, with her joey Female (notice the full pouch) red-legged pademelon eating a slice of sweet potato... Binomial name Thylogale billardierii (Desmarest, 1822) Female and her joey. ... Binomial name (Ramsay, 1877) Browns Pademelon (Thylogale browni) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name (Schreber, 1778) The Dusky Pademelon or Dusky Wallaby (Thylogale brunii) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name Flannery, 1992 Calabys Pademelon (Thylogale calabyi), also known as the Alpine Wallaby, is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name Thylogale stigmatica (Gould, 1860) The Red-legged Pademelon (Thylogale stigmatica) is a species of small macropod found on the northeastern coast of Australia and in New Guinea. ... Binomial name Thylogale thetis (Lesson, 1828) The Red-necked Pademelon is a forest-dwelling marsupial living in the eastern coastal region of Australia. ... Binomial name Wallabia bicolor (Lesson, 1828) The Swamp Wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) is a small macropod marsupial of Australia. ... Binomial name Wallabia bicolor (Lesson, 1828) The Swamp Wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) is a small macropod marsupial of Australia. ... Families Hypsiprymnodontidae Macropodidae Potoroidae Macropodiformes is one of the three suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. ... Genera Hypsiprymnodon Aepyprymnus Bettongia Caloprymnus Potorous The marsupial family Potoroidae includes the bettongs, potoroos and rat-kangaroos. ... Binomial name Aepyprymnus rufescens (Gray, 1837) The Rufous Rat-kangaroo (Aepyprymnus rufescens), also known as the Rufous Bettong, is a small species of the family Potoroidae found in Australia. ... Binomial name Aepyprymnus rufescens (Gray, 1837) The Rufous Rat-kangaroo (Aepyprymnus rufescens), also known as the Rufous Bettong, is a small species of the family Potoroidae found in Australia. ... Type species Bettongia setosa Gray, 1837 Species B. gaimardi B. leseur B. penicillata B. tropica The bettongs are species of the genus Bettongia, sometimes referred to as rat-kangaroos. ... Binomial name Bettongia gaimardi (Desmarest, 1822) The Eastern Bettong (Bettongia gaimardi), also known as the Southern Bettong and Tasmanian Bettong, is a bettong whose natural range includes south-eastern Australia and the eastern part of Tasmania. ... Binomial name Bettongia lesueur (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) The Boodie (Bettongia lesueur), also known locally as the Burrowing Bettong, is a small marsupial related to the kangaroo. ... Binomial name Bettongia penicillata Gray, 1837 The Woylie (Bettongia penicillata) is a small (30cm long) marsupial. ... Binomial name Bettongia tropica Wakefield, 1967 The Northern Bettong (Bettongia tropica) is a small potoroid marsupial which is restricted to some areas of mixed open Eucalyptus woodlands and Allocasuarina forests bordering rainforests in far northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... The marsupial family Potoridae includes the bettongs, potoroos and rat-kangaroos. ... Binomial name Potorous longipes Seebeck & Johnson, 1980 The Long-footed Potoroo (Potorous longipes) is a species of rat-kangaroo found in southeastern Australia, in a small area around the coastal border between New South Wales and Victoria. ... Binomial name Potorous tridactylus (Kerr, 1792) The Long-nosed Potoroo (Potorous tridactylus*) is a species of Australian potoroo. ... Binomial name Potorous gilbertii Gould, 1841 Gilberts Potoroo (Potorous gilbertii) is an Australian marsupial that is critically endangered. ... Binomial name Hypsiprymnodon moschatus Ramsay, 1876 The Musky Rat-kangaroo is a marsupial species found in the rainforests of New Guinea and northeast Australia. ... Binomial name Hypsiprymnodon moschatus Ramsay, 1876 The Musky Rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodon moschatus) is a marsupial species found in the rainforests of New Guinea and northeast Australia. ... Binomial name Hypsiprymnodon moschatus Ramsay, 1876 The Musky Rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodon moschatus) is a marsupial species found in the rainforests of New Guinea and northeast Australia. ...
Categories: Near Threatened species | Vombatiforms | Dharuk words and phrases | Mammals of South Australia | Mammals of Queensland | Mammals of New South Wales | Mammals of Victoria | Marsupials of Australia
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Koala - MSN Encarta (1207 words)
Koalas are native to Australia, where they are sometimes called koala bears or native bears, although koalas are not related to bears.
Koalas living in the cooler climates of the south have long fur that is gray-brown or cinnamon in color.
Characteristic of marsupials, female koalas have a pouch on the belly where a developing baby, known as a joey, lives for the first seven months after it is born.
Koala - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2077 words)
The Koala is found all along the eastern coast of Australia from near Adelaide to the southern part of Cape York Peninsula, and as far into the hinterland as there is enough rainfall to support suitable forests.
The Koala is broadly similar in appearance to the wombat (its closest living relative), but has a thicker, softer coat, much larger ears, and longer limbs, which are equipped with large, sharp claws to assist with climbing.
The Koala has an unusually small brain, with about 40% of the cranial cavity being filled with fluid, while the brain itself is like "a pair of shrivelled walnut halves on top of the brain stem, in contact neither with each other nor the bones of the skull.
More results at FactBites »
For other uses, see Koala (disambiguation).
Koala[1]
Conservation status
Near Threatened (IUCN 2.3)[2]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Infraclass: Marsupialia
Order: Diprotodontia
Suborder: Vombatiformes
Family: Phascolarctidae
Genus: Phascolarctos
Species: P. cinereus
Binomial name
Phascolarctos cinereus
(Goldfuss, 1817)
The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore native to Australia, and the only extant representative of the family Phascolarctidae. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1132x1113, 357 KB) Summary A Koala caught climbing up a tree. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species remaining extant either in the present day or the near future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn2. ... Near Threatened (NT) is an conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa which may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status. ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria For the folk-rock band see The Mammals. ... This article is about mammals. ... Suborders Vombatiformes Phalangeriformes Macropodiformes Diprotodontia is a large taxon of about 120 marsupial mammals including the kangaroos, wallabies, possums, Koala, wombats, and many others. ... Families Phascolarctidae Vombatidae Vombatiformes is one of the two suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. ... Binomial name Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss, 1817 The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. ... Species P. cinereus ††P. stirtoni The genus Phascolarctos consists of 3 species, of which only one (, the Koala) is alive today. ... Latin name redirects here. ... Georg August Goldfuss (April 18, 1782 - October 2, 1848) was a German palaeontologist. ... 1817 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The kinkajou is an arboreal mammal. ... This article is about mammals. ... A deer and two fawns feeding on some foliage A herbivore is often defined as any organism that eats only plants[1]. By that definition, many fungi, some bacteria, many animals, about 1% of flowering plants and some protists can be considered herbivores. ... In biology, extant taxon is commonly used in discussions of living and fossil species. ... The hierarchy of scientific classification In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. ... Binomial name Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss, 1817 The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. ...
The Koala is found in coastal regions of eastern and southern Australia, from near Adelaide to the southern part of Cape York Peninsula. Populations also extend for considerable distances inland in regions with enough moisture to support suitable woodlands. The Koalas of South Australia were largely exterminated during the early part of the 20th century, but the state has since been repopulated with Victorian stock. The Koala is not found in Tasmania or Western Australia. For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... This article is about the peninsula located in the Australian state of Queensland; it should not be confused with either Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, or Cape York, Greenland. ... For the song, see South Australia (song). ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... VIC redirects here. ... Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person...
Contents
1 Names
2 Variation
3 Physical description
4 Life cycle
5 Ecology and behaviour
6 Conservation status
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Names
The word koala comes from Dharuk gula. Although the vowel /u/ was originally written in the Latin alphabet as "oo" (in spellings such as coola or koolah), it was changed to "oa" possibly due to an error.[3] The word is erroneously said to mean "doesn't drink".[3] Dharuk (also spelt Dharruk, Dharug, Daruk, and Darug) or the Sydney Language is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language. ... Abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz redirects here. ...
When first adopted by English speakers, the name Koala bear became popular, as this roughly evoked the species' appearance to people unfamiliar with it. Although taxonomically inaccurate, the name Koala bear is still in common use today.[4] Other descriptive English names based on "bear" have included monkey bear, native bear, and tree-bear.[3]
The scientific name of the koala's genus, Phascolarctos, is derived from Greek phaskolos "pouch" and arktos "bear". Its species name, cinereus, is Latin and means "ash-coloured".[5] For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...
Variation
A Southern Koala on Kangaroo Island, not native to the islandAlthough three subspecies have been described, these are arbitrary selections from a cline and are not generally accepted as valid. Following Bergmann's Rule, southern individuals from the cooler climates are larger. A typical Victorian Koala (formerly P. cinereus victor) has longer, thicker fur, is a darker, softer grey, often with chocolate-brown highlights on the back and forearms, and has a more prominently light-coloured ventral side and fluffy white ear tufts. Typical and New South Wales Koala weights are 12 kg (26 lb) for males and 8.5 kg (19 lb) for females. In tropical and sub-tropical Queensland, however, the Koala is smaller (at around 6.5 kg (14 lb) for an average male and just over 5 kg (11 lb) for an average female), a lighter often rather scruffy grey in colour, and has shorter, thinner fur. In Queensland the Koala was previously classified as the subspecies P. cinereus adustus, and the intermediate forms in New South Wales as P. cinereus cinereus. The variation from one form to another is continuous and there are substantial differences between individual Koalas in any given region such as hair colour. The origins of the koala are unclear, although almost certainly they descended from terrestrial wombat-like animals. Koala fossils are quite rare, but some have been found in northern Australia dating to 20 million years ago. During this time, the northern half of Australia was rainforest. The Koala did not specialise in a diet of eucalypts until the climate cooled and eucalyptus forests grew in the place of rainforests. The fossil record indicates that before 50,000 years ago, Giant Koalas inhabited the southern regions of Australia. The Koala fills the same ecological role as the sloth of South America. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 154 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Koala User:Cody. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 154 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Koala User:Cody. ... Kangaroo Island is Australias third largest island - after Tasmania and Melville Island. ... This article is about the zoological term. ... In population genetics, a cline is a gradual change of a character or feature (phenotype) in a species over a geographical area, often as a result of environmental heterogeneity. ... The large size of a polar bear allows it to radiate less heat in a cold climate. ... For other uses, see Queensland (disambiguation). ... NSW redirects here. ... For other uses, see Wombat (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fossil (disambiguation). ... For the novel, see Rainforest (novel). ... Binomial name Phascolarctos stirtoni The Giant Koala (Phascolarctos stirtoni) was an arboreal marsupial which existed in Australia during the Pleistocene epoch. ... This article is about the South American mammal. ...
Physical description
Koalas have a slow metabolism and sleep for most of the day.The Koala is broadly similar in appearance to the wombat (their closest living relatives[1]), but has a thicker coat, much larger ears and longer limbs. The Koala has large, sharp claws to assist with climbing tree trunks. Weight varies from about 14 kg (31 lb) for a large southern male, to about 5 kg (11 lb) for a small northern female. Koala's five fingers are arranged with opposable thumbs, providing better gripping ability. The first two fingers are positioned in apposition on the front paws, and the first three fingers for the hind paws[6]. The Koala is one of the few mammals (other than primates) that has fingerprints. Koala fingerprints are similar to human fingerprints; even with an electron microscope, it can be quite difficult to distinguish between the two. [7] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 398 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2000 × 3008 pixel, file size: 861 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 398 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2000 × 3008 pixel, file size: 861 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... For other uses, see Wombat (disambiguation). ... For the network protocol, see finger protocol. ... Missing image Thumbs up In human anatomy, the thumb is the first digit on a hand. ... This article is about human fingerprints. ...
The teeth of koalas are adapted to their herbivorous diet, and are similar to those of other diprotodont marsupials, such as kangaroos and wombats. They have sharp incisors to clip leaves at the front of the mouth, separated from the grinding cheek teeth by a wide diastema. The dental formula for koalas is: Species Diprotodon opatum Diprotodon minor Diprotodon loderi Diprotodon annextans Diprotodonts were the largest marsupials that ever lived. ... Species Macropus rufus Macropus giganteus Macropus fuliginosus Macropus antilopinus A kangaroo is a marsupial from the family Macropodidae (macropods, meaning large foot). In common use the term is used to describe the largest species from this family, the Red Kangaroo, the Antilopine Kangaroo, and the Eastern and Western Grey Kangaroo... Incisors (from Latin incidere, to cut) are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. ... Diastema is a gap or space between two teeth. ...
Dentition
3.1.1.4
1.0.1.4
The male koala, like many marsupials, has a bifurcated penis. The female has two lateral vaginae, a feature unique to the Koala, and it has two separate uteri which is common to all marsupials.[8] Dentition is the development of teeth and their arrangement in the mouth. ... A bifurcation (from latin bifurcare) can be river bifurcation - the (infrequently observed) forking of a river into distributaries a period-doubling phenomenon known from chaos theory, see: bifurcation diagram the partial or total splitting of a human penis for pleasurable or decorative reasons. ... The penis (plural penises, penes) is an external male sexual organ. ... The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ... This article is about female reproductive anatomy. ...
The brain in the ancestors of the modern Koala once filled the whole cranial cavity, but has become drastically reduced in the present species, a degeneration scientists suspects is an adaptation to a diet low in energy[1]. One of the smallest in marsupials with no more than 0.2% of its body weight[2], about 40% of the cranial cavity is filled with cerebrospinal fluid, while the brain's two cerebral hemispheres are like "a pair of shrivelled walnut halves on top of the brain stem, in contact neither with each other nor the bones of the skull. It is the only animal on Earth with such a strangely reduced brain."[9] For other uses, see Brain (disambiguation). ... The cranial cavity, or intracranial space, is the space formed inside the skull. ... Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), Liquor cerebrospinalis, is a clear bodily fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space in the brain (the space between the skull and the cerebral cortex—more specifically, between the arachnoid and pia layers of the meninges). ... The human brain as viewed from above, showing the cerebral hemispheres. ... For other uses, see Walnut (disambiguation). ... The brain stem is the lower part of the brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord. ... For other uses of Skull, see Skull (disambiguation). ...
It is generally a silent animal, but males have a very loud advertising call that can be heard from almost a kilometre away during the breeding season. When under stress, Koalas may issue a loud cry, which has been reported as similar to that of a human baby.[10] There is little reliable information about the lifespan of the Koala, but in captivity they have been observed to reach the age of 18 years.[6]
The inverted thumbs on the Koala's back feet help for grip while the koala changes branches or eats with its front hands.[citation needed]
Life cycle
Koala walking along a branch at Lone Pine Koala SanctuaryFemales reach maturity at 2 to 3 years of age, males at 3 to 4 years. If healthy, a female Koala can produce one young each year for about 12 years. Gestation is 35 days. Twins are very rare; the world's first confirmed identical twin koalas, named "Euca" and "Lyptus", were born at the University of Queensland in 1999.[11][12] Mating normally occurs between December and March, the Southern Hemisphere's summer. Gestation is the carrying of an embryo or fetus inside a female viviparous animal. ... The University of Queensland (UQ) is the longest-established university in the state of Queensland, Australia, a member of Australias Group of Eight, and the Sandstone Universities. ... southern hemisphere highlighted in yellow (Antarctica not depicted). ...
A baby Koala is referred to as a joey and is hairless, blind, and earless. At birth the joey, only a quarter of an inch long, crawls into the downward-facing pouch on the mother's belly (which is closed by a drawstring-like muscle that the mother can tighten at will) and attaches itself to one of the two teats. Young remain hidden in the pouch for about six months, only feeding on milk. During this time they grow ears, eyes, and fur. The joey then begins to explore outside of the pouch. At about this stage it begins to consume small quantities of the mother’s "pap" (formerly thought to be excrement, but now thought to come from the mother's caecum) in order to inoculate its gut with the microbes necessary to digest eucalypt leaves.[13] The baby Koala will remain with the mother for another six months or so, riding on her back, and feeding on both milk and eucalypt leaves until weaning is complete at about 12 months of age. Young females disperse to nearby areas at that time; young males often stay in the mother's home range until they are two or three years old. A joey of Tasmanian Pademelon looking out from the mothers pouch A joey is any infant marsupial. ... A goat kid feeding on its mothers milk Teat is an alternative word for the nipple of a mammary gland, in humans referred to as a breast, from which milk is discharged. ... In anatomy of the digestive system, the cecum or caecum is a pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum and the colon. ...
Ecology and behaviour
Koala with young
A Koala eating eucalyptus leaves in the rain.
Koalas at the Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, QueenslandThe Koala lives almost entirely on eucalypt leaves. This is likely to be an evolutionary adaptation that takes advantage of an otherwise unfilled ecological niche, since eucalypt leaves are low in protein, high in indigestible substances, and contain phenolic and terpene compounds that are toxic to most species. Like wombats and sloths, the Koala has a very low metabolic rate for a mammal and rests motionless for about 16 to 18 hours a day, sleeping most of that time. Koalas that are disturbed are known to be violent, their teeth and claws capable of causing considerable injury to humans; special handling requirements are as such applicable.[14] Image File history File links Koalas at Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia ( this photograph was taken by Figaro ) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Koalas at Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia ( this photograph was taken by Figaro ) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, which was founded in 1927, is the worlds oldest and largest Koala Sanctuary. ... For other uses, see Queensland (disambiguation). ... Eucalypts are tree species belonging to three closely related genera, Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus. ... Two lichens on a rock, in two different ecological niches In ecology, a niche (pronounced nich, neesh or nish)[1] is a term describing the relational position of a species or population in its ecosystem[1]. A shorthand definition is that a niche is how an organism makes a living. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin showing coloured alpha helices. ... Phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl functional group (-OH) attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. ... Many terpenes are derived from conifer resins, here a pine. ... This article is about the South American mammal. ... Structure of the coenzyme adenosine triphosphate, a central intermediate in energy metabolism. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria For the folk-rock band see The Mammals. ...
Handling of koalas has been a source of political contention due to these risks, which can also cause harm to the koala as well. [15]Koalas spend about three of their five active hours eating. Feeding occurs at any time of day, but usually at night. An average Koala eats 500 grams (18 oz) of eucalypt leaves each day, chewing them in its powerful jaws to a very fine paste before swallowing. The liver deactivates the toxic components ready for excretion, and the hind gut (especially the caecum) is greatly enlarged to extract the maximum amount of nutrient from the poor quality diet. Much of this is done through bacterial fermentation: when young are being weaned, the mother passes unusually soft faeces, called pap, which is rich in these bacteria, thus passing these essential digestive aids on to her offspring. The kidneys are important excretory organs in vertebrates. ... The cecum or caecum (from the Latin caecus meaning blind) is a pouch connected to the ascending colon of the large intestine and the ileum. ... Phyla Actinobacteria Aquificae Chlamydiae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Lentisphaerae Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Verrucomicrobia Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are unicellular microorganisms. ... For other uses, see Fermentation. ... Horse feces Feces, faeces, or fæces (see spelling differences) is a waste product from an animals digestive tract expelled through the anus (or cloaca) during defecation. ...
The Koala will eat the leaves of a wide range of eucalypts, and occasionally even some non-eucalypt species, but it has firm preferences for particular varieties. These preferences vary from one region to another: in the south Manna Gum, Blue Gum and Swamp Gum are favoured; Grey Gum and Tallowwood are important in the north, and the ubiquitous River Red Gum of the isolated seasonal swamps and watercourses that meander across the dry inland plains allows the Koala to exist in surprisingly arid areas. Many factors determine which of the 680 species of eucalypt trees the Koala eats. Among trees of their favourite species, however, the major factor that determines which individual trees the Koala chooses is the concentration of a group of phenolic toxins called formylated phloroglucinol compounds. Manna Gum (Eucalyptus viminalis) is a straight, erect tree to 50 m, with rough bark on the trunk and base of larger branches. ... Binomial name Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ... Swamp Gum may refer to a number of Eucalyptus species: Eucalyptus bensonii, Mountain Swamp Gum Eucalyptus camphora, Mountain Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata, Swamp Gum Eucalyptus regnans, Swamp Gum Eucalyptus rudis, Swamp Gum Category: ... Grey Gum (Eucalyptus punctata) favoured food of the koala in South East Queensland. ... Tallowwood (Eucalyptus microcorys) is a common species in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia that grows in coastal forests. ... Binomial name Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. ... In general terms, the climate of a locale or region is said to be arid when it is characterized by a severe lack of available water, to the extent of hindering or even preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. ...
Conservation status
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The Koala was hunted almost to extinction in the early 20th century, largely for its fur. Millions of furs were traded to Europe and the USA, and the population has not recovered from such decimation. Extensive cullings occurred in Queensland in 1915, 1917 and again in 1919 when over one million Koalas were killed with guns, poison and nooses.[16] The public outcry over the cullings was most likely the first wide-scale environmental issue that rallied Australians.[16] Despite the growing movement to protect native species, the drought of 1926-28 lead to the another 600 000 Koalas being killed during a one-month open season in August 1927.[16] Australia faces a number of environmental issues, including: Soil erosion as a result of overgrazing, industrial development, and poor farming practices Desertification; and limited natural freshwater sources due to aridity and very low runoff ratios (see Water distribution on earth). ... This article is about the hunting of prey by human society. ...
Today, habitat loss and the impacts of irresponsible urbanisation (for example dog attacks and traffic accidents) are the leading threats to the survival of koalas. In recent years, some colonies have been hard hit by disease, especially chlamydia. The Koala requires large areas of healthy, connected forest and will travel long distances along tree corridors in search of new territory and mates. The increasing human population of the coastal parts of the continent continues to cut these corridors by agricultural and residential development, forestry and road-building, marooning Koala colonies in decreasing areas of bush. The long term viability of koalas is therefore threatened by genetic weakness. The Australian Koala Foundation has mapped 40,000 km² (15,000 sq mi). of land for Koala habitat and claims it has strong evidence to suggest wild Koala populations are in serious decline throughout the species natural range. Although the species covers a massive area, only 'pieces' of Koala habitat remain. These pieces need to be managed, protected and restored in a coordinated way. Presently, many are being lost to weeds, cleared for agriculture, or carved up by developers. Other threats come from logging, poor management, attacks from feral and domestic animals, disease and roads. For other uses, see Habitat (disambiguation). ... Chlamydia is a common term for Chlamydiae. ... The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. ... A feral horse (an American mustang) in Wyoming A feral animal or plant is one that has escaped from domestication and returned, partly or wholly, to its wild state. ...
In contrast to the situation on much of the mainland, where populations are declining, the Koalas of many island and isolated populations have reached what some have described as "plague" proportions. On Kangaroo Island in South Australia, Koalas introduced some 90 years ago have thrived in the absence of predators and competition. Combined with an inability to migrate to new areas, this has caused the Koala populations to become unsustainable and threaten the Island's unique ecology. In particular, species of Manna Gum, native to the island, are being stripped by Koalas at a rate faster than they can regenerate, endangering local birds and invertebrates that rely on them, and causing the extinction of at least one isolated population of manna. Koala numbers are estimated at over 30,000, with ecologists suggesting that the Island can sustain 10,000 at most. Although culling has been suggested as a means to reduce Koala numbers, with the South Australian Government seriously considering such in 1996, this has met with fierce opposition both domestically and internationally, and the species remains protected. The popularity of the Koala has made the possibility of a cull politically improbable, with any negative perception likely to impact tourism and a government's electability. In place of a cull, sterilisation and translocation programmes have had only limited success in reducing numbers thus far, and remain expensive. There is evidence that Koalas relocated to the mainland have difficulty establishing themselves in the different circumstances. A mooted alternative to the complex sterilisation method, wherein the animal must first be captured, are hormonal implants that can be injected via darts. Kangaroo Island is Australias third largest island - after Tasmania and Melville Island. ... Manna Gum (Eucalyptus viminalis) is a straight, erect tree to 50 m, with rough bark on the trunk and base of larger branches. ... To cull is to remove from a group of animals those individuals who show signs of weakness. ... The form of the Government of South Australia is prescribed in its Constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times since then. ...
The Koala inhabits four Australian states. Under state legislation, the species is listed as:
Queensland - Common, or "Least Concern Wildlife" throughout the state, except in the relatively small South East Queensland Bioregion, where it is listed as Vulnerable.[17]
New South Wales - listed at a state scale as vulnerable, but varying regionally from "secure" to "locally extinct".[18]
South Australia - classified as Rare.[19]
Victoria - The koala population in Victoria is considered "large and thriving".[20]
The US Government have declared the koala a threatened species, however the Australian Government has not. A review of the species national conservation status concluded that the koala are not threatened at a national scale, with a population that numbers in the hundreds of thousands.[21] This was the third review undertaken by the federal government that came to this conclusion. Other studies have estimated as few as 80 000 koalas left in the wild, and the Australian Koala Foundation estimates there are around 100,000. The IUCN lists the species as "Lower Risk / Near Threatened".[2] The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ...
As with most native Australian animals, the Koala cannot legally be kept as a pet in Australia without a permit.[22]
See also
Koala emblems and popular culture
List of monotremes and marsupials
Fauna of Australia
Koalo 1810 print Koala emblems and popular culture deals with the uses which have been made of the image of the Koala such as coins, emblems, logos, mascots and in the naming of sports teams. ... The class Mammalia (the mammals) is divided into two subclasses based on reproductive techniques: egg laying mammals (the montremes); and mammals which give live birth. ... The Red Kangaroo is the largest macropod and is one of Australias heraldic animals, appearing with the Emu on the Coat of Arms of Australia. ...
References
^ a b Groves, Colin (16 November 2005). in Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds): Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 43. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
^ a b Australasian Marsupial & Monotreme Specialist Group (1996). Koala. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 2006-05-09.
^ a b c Dixon, R.M.W.; Moore, Bruce; Ramson, W. S.; Thomas, Mandy (2006). Australian Aboriginal Words in English: Their Origin and Meaning, 2nd ed., South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-554073-5.
^ Leitner, Gerhard; Sieloff, Inke (1998). "Aboriginal words and concepts in Australian English". World Englishes 17 (2): 153–169. doi:10.1111/1467-971X.00089.
^ Kidd, D.A. (1973). Collins Latin Gem Dictionary. London: Collins, 53. ISBN 0-00-458641-7.
^ a b Martin, Roger (1984). in Macdonald, D.: The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File, 872-875. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.
^ Henneberg, Maciej; Lambert, Kosette M., Leigh, Chris M. (1997). "Fingerprint homoplasy: koalas and humans". naturalSCIENCE.com 1.
^ Dawson, T.J.; Finch, E., Freedman, L., Hume, I.D., Renfree, M., Temple-Smith, P.D.. "Fauna of Australia; 17. Morphology and Physiology of Metatheria": pp. 51, 53.
^ Flannery, T.F. (1994). The Future Eaters: An ecological History of the Australasian Lands and People. Sydney: Reed New Holland, 86.
^ Facts about Koalas
^ Koala Research
^ University of Queensland Koala Study program
^ Martin, Roger; Handasyde, Kathrine Ann (1999). The Koala: Natural History, Conservation and Management, 2nd ed., Australian Natural History Series, UNSW Press, pp. 64-65. ISBN 0868405442.
^ Acrobat Distiller, Job 4
^ Koalas Welfare - 16/11/1995 - ADJ - NSW Parliament
^ a b c Evans, Raymond (2007). A History of Queensland. Port Melbourne, Victoria: Cambridge University Press, 168. ISBN 9780521876926.
^ Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service. EPA/QPWS Koala designation.
^ New South Wales Parks and Wildlife Service. NSWPWS Koala designation.
^ Australian Koala Foundation. Koala conservation status (FAQs).
^ Department of Sustainability and the Environment. Victorian Koala designation.
^ Australian Government. Environmental assessment of koala's conservation status.
^ Australian Koala Foundation. Frequently asked questions (FAQs).
Dr Colin Groves is a Professor of Biological Anthropology at the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia. ... is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. ... The Austalian Koala Foundation (AKF) is an international scientific organisation that aims to diminish the threats to the survival of koalas and in doing so raise the awareness of the global community to help save endangered fauna and flora. ...
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Koala
Wikispecies has information related to:
Phascolarctos cinereus
Australian Koala Foundation
Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary
The Koala
v • d • eExtant Diprotodontia species
Suborder Vombatiformes
Phascolarctidae Phascolarctos Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)
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Vombatidae Vombatus Common Wombat (Vombatus ursinus)
Lasiorhinus Southern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) · Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus krefftii)
Suborder Phalangeriformes (cont. below)
Phalangeridae Ailurops Talaud Bear Cuscus (Ailurops melanotis) · Sulawesi Bear Cuscus (Ailurops ursinus)
Phalanger Gebe Cuscus (Phalanger alexandrae) · Mountain Cuscus (Phalanger carmelitae) · Ground Cuscus (Phalanger gymnotis) · Eastern Common Cuscus (Phalanger intercastellanus) · Woodlark Cuscus (Phalanger lullulae) · Blue-eyed Cuscus (Phalanger matabiru) · Telefomin Cuscus (Phalanger matanim) · Southern Common Cuscus (Phalanger mimicus) · Northern Common Cuscus (Phalanger orientalis) · Ornate Cuscus (Phalanger ornatus) · Rothschild's Cuscus (Phalanger rothschildi) · Silky Cuscus (Phalanger sericeus) · Stein's Cuscus (Phalanger vestitus)
Spilocuscus Admiralty Island Cuscus (Spilocuscus kraemeri) · Common Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) · Waigeou Cuscus (Spilocuscus papuensis) · Black-spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus rufoniger) · Blue-eyed Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus wilsoni)
Strigocuscus Sulawesi Dwarf Cuscus (Strigocuscus celebensis) · Banggai Cuscus (Strigocuscus pelegensis)
Trichosurus Northern Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus arnhemensis) · Short-eared Possum (Trichosurus caninus) · Mountain Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus cunninghami) · Coppery Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus johnstonii) · Common Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)
Wyulda Scaly-tailed Possum (Wyulda squamicaudata)
Burramyidae Burramys Mountain Pygmy Possum (Burramys parvus)
Cercartetus Long-tailed Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus caudatus) · Southwestern Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus concinnus) · Tasmanian Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus lepidus) · Eastern Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus nanus)
Suborder Phalangeriformes (cont. above)
Tarsipedidae Tarsipes Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus)
Petauridae Dactylopsila Great-tailed Triok (Dactylopsila megalura) · Long-fingered Triok (Dactylopsila palpator) · Tate's Triok (Dactylopsila tatei) · Striped Possum (Dactylopsila trivirgata)
Gymnobelideus Leadbeater's Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri)
Petaurus Northern Glider (Petaurus abidi) · Yellow-bellied Glider (Petaurus australis) · Biak Glider (Petaurus biacensis) · Sugar Glider (Petaurus breviceps) · Mahogany Glider (Petaurus gracilis) · Squirrel Glider (Petaurus norfolcensis)
Pseudocheiridae Hemibelideus Lemur-like Ringtail Possum (Hemibelideus lemuroides)
Petauroides Greater Glider (Petauroides volans)
Petropseudes Rock-haunting Ringtail Possum (Petropseudes dahli)
Pseudocheirus Common Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus)
Pseudochirulus Lowland Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus canescens) · Weyland Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus caroli) · Cinereus Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus cinereus) · Painted Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus forbesi) · Herbert River Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus herbertensis) · Masked Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus larvatus) · Pygmy Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus mayeri) · Vogelkop Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus schlegeli)
Pseudochirops D'Albertis' Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops albertisii) · Green Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops archeri) · Plush-coated Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops corinnae) · Reclusive Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops coronatus) · Coppery Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops cupreus)
Acrobatidae Acrobates Feathertail Glider (Acrobates pygmaeus)
Distoechurus Feather-tailed Possum (Distoechurus pennatus)
Suborder Macropodiformes (cont. below)
Macropodidae Lagostrophus Banded Hare-wallaby (Lagostrophus fasciatus)
Dendrolagus Grizzled Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus inustus) · Lumholtz's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus lumholtzi) · Bennett's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus bennettianus) · Ursine Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus ursinus) · Matschie's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus matschiei) · Doria's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus dorianus) · Goodfellow's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus goodfellowi) · Lowlands Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus spadix) · Golden-mantled Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus pulcherrimus) · Seri's Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus stellarum) · Dingiso (Dendrolagus mbaiso) · Tenkile (Dendrolagus scottae)
Dorcopsis Brown Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis muelleri) · White-striped Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis hageni) · Black Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis atrata) · Gray Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis luctuosa)
Dorcopsulus Small Dorcopsis (Dorcopsulus vanheurni) · Macleay's Dorcopsis (Dorcopsulus macleayi)
Lagorchestes Spectacled Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes conspicillatus) · Rufous Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus)
Macropus Subgenus Notamacropus: Agile Wallaby (Macropus agilis) · Black-striped Wallaby (Macropus dorsalis) · Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) · Western Brush Wallaby (Macropus irma) · Parma Wallaby (Macropus parma) · Pretty-faced Wallaby (Macropus parryi) · Red-necked Wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus)
Subgenus Osphranter: Antilopine Kangaroo (Macropus antilopinus) · Woodward's Wallaroo (Macropus bernadus) · Eastern Wallaroo (Macropus robustus) · Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus)
Subgenus Macropus: Western Grey Kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus) · Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus)
Onychogalea Bridled Nail-tail Wallaby (Onychogalea fraenata) · Northern Nail-tail Wallaby (Onychogalea unguifera)
Petrogale P. brachyotis species-group: Short-eared Rock-wallaby (Petrogale brachyotis) · Monjon (Petrogale burbidgei) · Nabarlek (Petrogale concinna)
P. xanthopus species-group: Proserpine Rock-wallaby (Petrogale persephone) · Rothschild's Rock-wallaby (Petrogale rothschildi) · Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus)
P. lateralis/penicillata species-group: Allied Rock-wallaby (Petrogale assimilis) · Cape York Rock-wallaby (Petrogale coenensis) · Godman's Rock-wallaby (Petrogale godmani) · Herbert's Rock-wallaby (Petrogale herberti) · Unadorned Rock-wallaby (Petrogale inornata) · Black-flanked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) · Mareeba Rock-wallaby (Petrogale mareeba) · Brush-tailed Rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) · Purple-necked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale purpureicollis) · Mt. Claro Rock-wallaby (Petrogale sharmani)
Setonix Quokka (Setonix brachyurus)
Thylogale Tasmanian Pademelon (Thylogale billardierii) · Brown's Pademelon (Thylogale browni) · Dusky Pademelon (Thylogale brunii) · Calaby's Pademelon (Thylogale calabyi) · Mountain Pademelon (Thylogale lanatus) · Red-legged Pademelon (Thylogale stigmatica) · Red-necked Pademelon (Thylogale thetis)
Wallabia Swamp Wallaby (Wallabia bicolor)
Suborder Macropodiformes (cont. above)
Potoroidae Aepyprymnus Rufous Rat-kangaroo (Aepyprymnus rufescens)
Bettongia Eastern Bettong (Bettongia gaimardi) · Boodie (Bettongia lesueur) · Woylie (Bettongia penicillata) · Northern Bettong (Bettongia tropica)
Potorous Long-footed Potoroo (Potorous longipes) · Long-nosed Potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) · Gilbert's Potoroo (Potorous gilbertii)
Hypsiprymnodontidae Hypsiprymnodon Musky Rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodon moschatus)
Image File history File links Wikispecies-logo. ... Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation that aims to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species (including animalia, plantae, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protista). ... Suborders Vombatiformes Phalangeriformes Macropodiformes Diprotodontia is a large taxon of about 120 marsupial mammals including the kangaroos, wallabies, possums, Koala, wombats, and many others. ... Families Phascolarctidae Vombatidae Vombatiformes is one of the two suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. ... Binomial name Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss, 1817 The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus; sometimes also spelled Phascolarctus cinereus) is a thickset arboreal marsupial herbivore endemic to Australia, and the only representative of its family, Phascolarctidae. ... Species P. cinereus ††P. stirtoni The genus Phascolarctos consists of 3 species, of which only one (, the Koala) is alive today. ... For other uses, see Wombat (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800) The Common Wombat (Vombatus ursinus) is one of three species of wombat and the only one in the Vombatus genus. ... Binomial name Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800) The Common Wombat (Vombatus ursinus) is one of three species of wombat and the only one in the Vombatus genus. ... Binomial name (Owen, 1845) The Southern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) is one of three species of wombats. ... Binomial name (Owen, 1873) The Northern Hairy-nosed Wombat (Lasiorhinus krefftii), also known as the Yaminon, is one of three species of wombats. ... For other uses, see Possum (disambiguation). ... A possum is any of about 25 small to medium-sized arboreal marsupials native to Australia. ... Binomial name (Temminck, 1824) Synonyms Phalanger ursinus (Temminck, 1824) The Sulawesi Bear Cuscus or Sulawesi Bear Phalanger (Ailurops ursinus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Phalanger intercastellanus Thomas, 1895 The Southern Common Cuscus (Phalanger intercastellanus) is also known as Grey Cuscus, Grey Phalanger, and To-ili. ... Binomial name Flannery T. F & Boeadi 1995 The Gebe Cuscus (Phalanger alexandrae) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1898 The Mountain Cuscus (Phalanger carmelitae) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Peters & Doria, 1875) Synonyms Strigocuscus gymnotis (Peters & Doria 1875) The Ground Cuscus (Phalanger gymnotis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1895 The Eastern Common Cuscus (Phalanger intercastellanus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1896 The Woodlark Cuscus (Phalanger lullulae) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Phalanger matanim Flannery, 1987 The Telefomin Cuscus (Phalanger matanim) is a possum found on New Guinea. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1895 The Southern Common Cuscus (Phalanger mimicus) is also known as Grey Cuscus, Grey Phalanger, and To-ili. ... Binomial name (Pallas, 1766) The Grey Cuscus or Northern Common Cuscus (Phalanger orientalis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Gray, 1860) The Ornate Cuscus (Phalanger ornatus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1898 The Rothschilds Cuscus (Phalanger rothschildi) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1907 The Silky Cuscus (Phalanger sericeus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Milne-Edwards, 1877) The Steins Cuscus (Phalanger vestitus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Species Spilocuscus kraemeri Spilocuscus maculatus Spilocuscus papuensis Spilocuscus rufoniger Spilocuscus wilsoni Spilocuscus is a genus of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (E. Geoffroy, 1803) The Common Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus) is a cuscus (also known as a phalanger) is a marsupial animal that lives in the Cape York Peninsula region of Australia and New Guinea. ... Binomial name (Desmarest, 1822) The Waigeou Cuscus or Waigeou Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus papuensis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Zimara, 1937) The Black-spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus rufoniger) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Strigocuscus is a genus of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Gray, 1858) The Sulawesi Dwarf Cuscus (Strigocuscus celebensis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Tate, 1945) The Banggai Cuscus (Strigocuscus pelengensis) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name (Ogilby, 1836) The Short-eared Possum (Trichosurus caninus) is a species of marsupial in the Phalangeridae family. ... Binomial name Lindemayer, Dubach and Viggers, 2002 The Mountain Brushtail Possum, or Bobuck (Trichosurus cunninghami), is a nocturnal, semi-arboreal marsupial of the family Phalangeridae that lives in wet sclerophyll forest in South-Eastern Australia. ... Binomial name Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr, 1792) The Common Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula, from the Greek for furry tailed and the Latin for little fox) is the largest possum, and the Australian marsupial most often seen by city-dwellers, since it is one the very few that thrives in cities as... Binomial name Wyulda squamicaudata Alexander, 1919 The Scaly-tailed Possum (Wyulda squamicaudata), sometimes known as the Wyulda, is a monogeneric species of possum found in northwestern Australia. ... Binomial name Wyulda squamicaudata Alexander, 1919 The Scaly-tailed Possum (Wyulda squamicaudata), sometimes known as the Wyulda, is a monogeneric species of possum found in northwestern Australia. ... Genera Burramys Cercartetus The pygmy possums are the small possums of the family Burramyidae. ... Binomial name Burramys parvus Broom, 1896 The Mountain Pygmy Possum (Burramys parvus) is a small, mouse-sized (weighs 45 g) nocturnal marsupial of Australia found in dense alpine rock screes and boulder fields, mainly southern Victoria and Tasmania but also around Mount Kosciusko in New South Wales. ... Binomial name Burramys parvus Broom, 1896 The Mountain Pygmy Possum (Burramys parvus) is a small, mouse-sized (weighs 45 g) nocturnal marsupial of Australia found in dense alpine rock screes and boulder fields, mainly southern Victoria and around Mount Kosciusko in New South Wales. ... Type Species Phalangista nana (Desmarest, 1818) Species C. caudatus C. concinnus C. lepidus C. nanus The genus Cercartetus is a group of small possums. ... Binomial name Cercartetus caudatus (Milne-Edwards, 1877) The Long-tailed Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus caudatus) is a diprotodont marsupial found in the rainforests of northern Australia, Indonesia and New Guinea. ... Binomial name Cercartetus concinnus (Gould, 1845) The Southwestern Pygmy Possum (Cercatetus concinnus), commonly known as the Western Pygmy Possum or the Mundarda, is a small marsupial found in Australia. ... Binomial name Cercartetus lepidus Thomas, 1888 The Tasmanian Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus lepidus), also known as the Little Pygmy Possum, is Australias smallest possum. ... Binomial name Cercartetus nanus (Desmarest, 1818) The Eastern Pygmy Possum (Cercartetus nanus) is a diprotodont marsupial of south-eastern Australia. ... For other uses, see Possum (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Tarsipes rostratus Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 The Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus) or Noolbenger is a tiny Australian marsupial weighing just five to 10 grams—about half the size of a mouse. ... Binomial name Tarsipes rostratus Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 The Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus) or Noolbenger is a tiny Australian marsupial weighing just five to 10 grams—about half the size of a mouse. ... Binomial name Tarsipes rostratus Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 The Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus) or Noolbenger is a tiny Australian marsupial weighing just five to 10 grams—about half the size of a mouse. ... Genera Dactylopsila Gymnobelideus Petaurus The family Petauridae includes 11 medium-sized possum species: four striped possums, the six species wrist-winged gliders in genus Petaurus, and Leadbeaters Possum which has only vestigal gliding membranes. ... Dactylopsila megalura Dactylopsila palpator Dactylopsila tatei Dactylopsila trivirgata Dactylopsila is a genus of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Rothschild & Dollman, 1932 The Great-tailed Triok (Dactylopsila megalura) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Milne-Edwards, 1888 The Long-fingered Triok (Dactylopsila palpator) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Laurie, 1952 The Fergusson Island Striped Possum or Tates Triok (Dactylopsila tatei) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Dactylopsila trivirgata Gray, 1858 The Striped Possum (Dactylopsila trivirgata) is a member of the Petauridae family, one of the marsupial families. ... Binomial name Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, 1867 Leadbeaters Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) is an endangered possum restricted to small pockets of remaining old growth Mountain Ash forests in the cool, misty highlands of Victoria, Australia. ... Binomial name Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, 1867 Leadbeaters Possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) is an endangered possum restricted to small pockets of remaining old growth Mountain Ash forests in the cool, misty highlands of Victoria, Australia. ... Type Species Petaurus australis Shaw, 1791 Species Petaurus breviceps Petaurus australis Petaurus gracilis Petaurus abidi Petaurus biancensis Petaurus norfolcensis The genus Petaurus contains flying phalangers or wrist-winged gliders, a group of arboreal marsupials which includes the Sugar Glider. ... Binomial name Ziegler, 1981 The Northern Glider (Petaurus abidi) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Petaurus australis Shaw, 1791 The Yellow-bellied Glider (Petaurus australis), also known as the Fluffy Glider, is about the size of a rabbit, and has a grey-brown back and is off-white to orange underneath, with large pointed ears and a long tail. ... Binomial name Ulmer, 1940 The Biak Glider (Petaurus biacensis) is a species of marsupial in the Petauridae family. ... Binomial name Waterhouse, 1839 The Sugar Glider (Petaurus breviceps) is a small gliding possum native to eastern and northern mainland Australia, New Guinea, and the Bismarck Archipelago, and introduced to Tasmania. ... Binomial name Petaurus gracilis (de Vis, 1883) The Mahogany Glider (Petaurus gracilis), which is named for its mahogany-brown colour, is a highly endangered possum, very similar in appearance to both the smaller sized Sugar Glider and Squirrel Glider. ... Binomial name Petaurus norfolcensis (Kerr, 1792) The Squirrel Glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) is a gliding possum of the Marsupial family Petauridae. ... A possum is any of about 25 small to medium-sized arboreal marsupials native to Australia. ... Binomial name Hemibelideus lemuroides {Collett, 1884} The Lemur-like Ringtail Possum (Hemibelideus lemuroides), also known as the Lemuroid Ringtail Possum, is one of the most singular members of the ringtail possum group. ... Binomial name Hemibelideus lemuroides {Collett, 1884} The Lemur-like Ringtail Possum (Hemibelideus lemuroides), also known as the Lemuroid Ringtail Possum, is one of the most singular members of the ringtail possum group. ... Binomial name Petauroides volans (Kerr, 1792) The Greater Glider (Petauroides volans) is a large gliding possum found in Australia. ... Binomial name Petauroides volans (Kerr, 1792) The Greater Glider (Petauroides volans) is a large gliding possum found in Australia. ... Binomial name (Collett, 1895) The Rock-haunting Ringtail Possum (Petropseudes dahli), also known as the Rock Ringtail Possum, is a species of Australian possum. ... Binomial name (Collett, 1895) The Rock-haunting Ringtail Possum (Petropseudes dahli), also known as the Rock Ringtail Possum, is a species of Australian possum. ... Binomial name Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Boddaert, 1785) The Common Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) is an Australian marsupial. ... Binomial name Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Boddaert, 1785) The Common Ringtail Possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) is an Australian marsupial. ... Species Pseudochirulus canescens Pseudochirulus caroli Pseudochirulus cinereus Pseudochirulus forbesi Pseudochirulus herbertensis Pseudochirulus larvatus Pseudochirulus mayeri Pseudochirulus schlegeli Pseudochirulus is a genus of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name (Waterhouse, 1846) Synonyms Pseudocheirus canescens (Waterhouse, 1846) The Lowland Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus canescens) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1921 The Weyland Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus caroli) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Pseudochirulus cinereus Tate, 1945 The Cinereus Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus cinereus), also known as the Daintree River Ringtail Possum, is a species of possum found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name (Thomas, 1887) Synonyms Pseudocheirus forbesi (Thomas, 1887) The Moss-forest Ringtail Possum or Painted Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus forbesi) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Pseudochirulus herbertensis (Collett, 1884) The Herbert River Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus herbertensis) is a species of possum found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name (Rothschild & Dollman, 1932) Synonyms Pseudocheirus mayeri (Rothschild & Dollman, 1932) The Pygmy Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus mayeri) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name (Jentink, 1884) Synonyms Pseudochirulus schlegeli (Jentink, 1884) The Vogelkop Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirulus schlegeli) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Species Pseudochirops albertisii Pseudochirops archeri Pseudochirops corinnae Pseudochirops coronatus Pseudochirops cupreus Pseudochirops is a genus of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name (Peters, 1874) The DAlbertis Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops albertisii) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Pseudochirops archeri (Collett, 1884) The Green Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops archeri) is a species of ringtail possum found only in northern Australia. ... Binomial name (Thomas, 1897) The Goldon Ringtail Possum or Plush-coated Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops corinnae) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1897 The Reclusive Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops coronatus) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Binomial name (Thomas, 1897) The Coppery Ringtail Possum (Pseudochirops cupreus) is a species of marsupial in the Pseudocheiridae family. ... Genera Acrobates Distoechurus Acrobatidae is a small family of marsupials contains two genera, each with a single species, the Feathertail Glider (Acrobates pygmaeus) from Australia and Feathertail Possum (Distoechurus pennatus) from New Guinea. ... Binomial name Acrobates pygmaeus (Shaw, 1793) The Feathertail Glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), also known as the Pygmy Gliding Possum, Pygmy Glider, Pygmy Phalanger and Flying Mouse,[3] is the worlds smallest gliding mammal, and is named for its long feather-shaped tail. ... Binomial name Acrobates pygmaeus (Shaw, 1793) The Feathertail Glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), also known as the Pygmy Gliding Possum, Pygmy Glider, Pygmy Phalanger and Flying Mouse,[3] is the worlds smallest gliding mammal, and is named for its long feather-shaped tail. ... Binomial name (Peters, 1874) The Feather-tailed Possum (Distoechurus pennatus) is a species of marsupial in the Acrobatidae family. ... Binomial name (Peters, 1874) The Feather-tailed Possum (Distoechurus pennatus) is a species of marsupial in the Acrobatidae family. ... Families Hypsiprymnodontidae Macropodidae Potoroidae Macropodiformes is one of the three suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. ... Genera Lagostrophus Dendrolagus Dorcopsis Dorcopsulus Lagorchestes Macropus Onychogalea Petrogale Setonix Thylogale Wallabia Tree kangaroos have smaller ears for easier maneuvering between tree branches, and much longer tail. ... Binomial name Lagostrophus fasciatus (Péron & Lesueur, 1807) The Banded Hare-wallaby (or munning), Lagostrophus fasciatus, is an endangered mammal native to south-western Australia. ... Binomial name Lagostrophus fasciatus (Péron & Lesueur, 1807) The Banded Hare-wallaby (or munning), Lagostrophus fasciatus, is an endangered mammal native to south-western Australia. ... Species About 9; see text. ... Binomial name Dendrolagus lumholtzi Collett, 1884 Lumholtzs Tree-kangaroo is a heavy-bodied tree-kangaroo found in rain forests of the Atherton Tableland Region of Queensland. ... Binomial name Dendrolagus bennettianus De Vis, 1887 Bennetts Tree-kangaroo is a large tree-kangaroo. ... Binomial name Dendrolagus matschiei Forster & Rothschild, 1907 Matschies Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus matschiei), also known as the Huon Tree-kangaroo belongs to the family Macropodidae, which includes about 55 species of kangaroos, wallabies and their relatives. ... Binomial name Thomas, 1908 Goodfellows Tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus goodfellowi), also called the Ornate Tree Kangaroo, belongs to the family Macropodidae, which includes kangaroos, wallabies and their relatives,[3] and the genus Dendrolagus, with eleven other species. ... Binomial name Dendrolagus mbaiso Flannery, Boeadi & Szalay, 1995 The Dingiso or Bondegezou, Dendrolagus mbaiso, is a species of tree kangaroo native to Irian Jaya (Indonesian New Guinea). ... Binomial name Flannery & Seri, 1990 The Tenkile (Dendrolagus scottae), also known as Scotts Tree-kangaroo, is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... The dorcopsises are the marsupials of the genus Dorcopsis and Dorcopsulus. ... Binomial name (Lesson, 1827) The Brown Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis muelleri) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name Heller, 1897 The Greater Forest-wallaby or White-striped Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis hageni) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name Van Deusen, 1957 The Black Dorcopsis or Black Forest-wallaby (Dorcopsis atrata) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name (DAlbertis, 1874) The Gray Dorcopsis (Dorcopsis luctuosa) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Species Dorcopsulus macleayi Dorcopsulus vanheurni Dorcopsulus is a genus of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name (Thomas, 1922) The Lesser Forest-wallaby or Small Dorcopsis (Dorcopsulus vanheurni) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name (Miklouho-Maclay, 1885) Macleays Dorcopsis (Dorcopsulus macleayi), also known as the Papuan Dorcopsis or the Papuan Forest-wallaby, is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Red-necked Wallaby A wallaby (sometimes spelled wallabee) is any of about 30 species of macropod (family macropodidae). ... Binomial name Lagorchestes conspicillatus Gould, 1842 The Spectacled Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes conspicillatus) is a species of macropod found in Australia. ... Binomial name Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould, 1844 The Rufous Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus), also known as the Mala, is a small macropod found in Australia. ... This article is about kangaroos, the marsupial. ... Binomial name Macropus agilis (Gould, 1842) The Agile Wallaby (Macropus agilis), also known as the Sandy Wallaby, is a species of wallaby found in northern Australia and New Guinea. ... Binomial name Macropus dorsalis {Gray, 1837) The Black-striped Wallaby (Macropus dorsalis), also known as the Scrub Wallaby, is a medium-sized wallaby found in Australia, from Townsville in Queensland to Narrabri in New South Wales. ... Binomial name Macropus eugenii The Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) is a small member of the kangaroo family and is the type species for research on kangaroos and marsupials. ... Binomial name Macropus irma (Jourdan, 1837) The Western Brush Wallaby (Macropus irma), also known as the Black-gloved Wallaby, is a species of wallaby found in southwestern Western Australia. ... Binomial name Macropus parma The Parma Wallaby (Macropus parma) was first described by the great Australian naturalist John Gould in about 1840. ... Binomial name Macropus parryi Bennett, 1835 The Pretty-faced Wallaby (Macropus parryi), also known as the Whiptail Wallaby, is a species of wallaby found in eastern Australia. ... Binomial name Desmarest, 1817 The Red-necked Wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus) is a medium-sized macropod, common in the more temperate and fertile parts of eastern Australia. ... Binomial name Macropus antilopinus (Gould, 1842) The Antilopine Kangaroo (Macropus antilopinus), sometimes called the Antilopine Wallaroo or the Antilopine Wallaby, is a species of macropod found in northern Australia: in Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, the Top End of the Northern Territory, and the Kimberley region of Western Australia. ... Binomial name Macropus robustus Gould, 1841 The Eastern Wallaroo (Macropus robustus), also known as the Common Wallaroo, the Hill Wallaroo or the Euro, is a large, variable species of macropod found throughout much of the Australian mainland. ... Binomial name Desmarest, 1822 The Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus) is the largest of all kangaroos, the largest mammal native to Australia, and the largest surviving marsupial. ... Binomial name Desmarest, 1817 The Western Grey Kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosis or alternately Macropus fuliginosus) is a large and very common macropod, found across almost the entire southern part of Australia, from just south of Shark Bay to coastal South Australia, western Victoria, and the entire Murray-Darling Basin in New... Binomial name Shaw, 1790 The Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) is a marsupial found in southern and eastern Australia, with a population of several million. ... Species O. fraenata O. lunata O. unguifera The nail-tail wallabies (genus Onychogalea) are three species of macropod found in Australia. ... Binomial name Onychogalea fraenata (Gould, 1841) The Bridled Nail-tail Wallaby Onychogalea fraenata is a wallaby which has white bridle line, running down from the back of the neck. ... Binomial name Onychogalea unguifera (Gould, 1841) The Northern Nail-tail Wallaby (Onychogalea unguifera), also known as the Sandy Nail-tail Wallaby, is a species of macropod found in Queensland, Western Australia and Northern Territory. ... Species 16, see text The rock-wallabies are the wallabies of the genus Petrogale. ... Binomial name Petrogale brachyotis (Gould, 1841) The Short-eared Rock-wallaby (Petrogale brachyotis) is a species of rock-wallaby found in northern Australia, in the northernmost parts of Northern Territory and Western Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale burbidgei Kitchener & Sanson, 1978 The Monjon (Petrogale burbidgei), also known as the Warabi, is the smallest of the many species of rock-wallaby found in Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale concinna Gould, 1842 The Nabarlek (Petrogale concinna), also known as the Pygmy Rock-wallaby or the Little Rock-wallaby, is a very small species of macropod found in northern Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale persephone Maynes, 1982 The Proserpine Rock-wallaby (Petrogale persephone) is a species of rock-wallaby restricted to a small area in the Whitsunday Shire in Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale rothschildi Thomas, 1904 Rothschilds Rock-wallaby (Petrogale rothschildi), sometimes known as the Roebourne Rock-wallaby, is a species of macropod found in Western Australia, in the Pilbara district and the Dampier Archipelago. ... Binomial name Petrogale xanthopus Gray, 1855 The Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus) is a member of the macropod family (the marsupial family that includes the kangaroos, wallabies, tree-kangaroos, wallaroos, and others). ... Binomial name Petrogale assimilis Ramsay, 1877 The Allied Rock-wallaby (Petrogale assimilis) is a species of rock-wallaby found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale coenensis Eldridge & Close, 1992 The Cape York Rock-wallaby (Petrogale coenensis) is a species of rock-wallaby restricted to Cape York Peninsula in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale godmani Thomas, 1923 The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Binomial name Petrogale herberti Thomas, 1926 Herberts Rock-wallaby (Petrogale herberti) is a member of a group of seven very closely-related rock-wallabies found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale inornata Gould, 1842 The Unadorned Rock-wallaby (Petrogale inornata) is a member of a group of closely related rock-wallabies found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale lateralis (Gray, 1827) The Black-flanked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis), also known as the Black-footed Rock-wallaby or Warru is a kind of wallaby, one of several rock-wallabies in the genus Petrogale. ... Binomial name Petrogale mareeba Eldridge & Close, 1992 The Mareeba Rock-wallaby (Petrogale mareeba) is a species of rock-wallaby found in northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... Binomial name Petrogale penicillata (Gray, 1827) The Brush-tailed Rock-wallaby or Small-eared Rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) is a kind of wallaby, one of several rock-wallabies in the genus Petrogale. ... Binomial name Petrogale purpureicollis (Le Souef, 1924) The Purple-necked Rock-wallaby (Petrogale purpureicollis) was first classified in 1924 by Albert Sherbourne Le Souef, then director of the Taronga Zoo in Sydney, Australia, who noted a strange purple coloration around the neck as well as skull differences separating it from... Binomial name Petrogale sharmani Eldridge & Close, 1992 The Mt. ... Binomial name (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Quokka, Melbourne Zoo The Quokka (Setonix brachyurus) is a small macropod, about the size of a large domestic cat. ... Binomial name (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Quokka, Melbourne Zoo The Quokka (Setonix brachyurus) is a small macropod, about the size of a large domestic cat. ... Type Species Halmaturus (Thylogale) eugenii Gray, 1837 (= Halmaturus thetis Lesson, 1828) Species Thylogale billardierii Thylogale browni Thylogale brunii Thylogale calabyi Thylogale lanatus Thylogale stigmatica Thylogale thetis Tasmanian pademelon eating a slice of apple, with her joey Female (notice the full pouch) red-legged pademelon eating a slice of sweet potato... Binomial name Thylogale billardierii (Desmarest, 1822) Female and her joey. ... Binomial name (Ramsay, 1877) Browns Pademelon (Thylogale browni) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name (Schreber, 1778) The Dusky Pademelon or Dusky Wallaby (Thylogale brunii) is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name Flannery, 1992 Calabys Pademelon (Thylogale calabyi), also known as the Alpine Wallaby, is a species of marsupial in the Macropodidae family. ... Binomial name Thylogale stigmatica (Gould, 1860) The Red-legged Pademelon (Thylogale stigmatica) is a species of small macropod found on the northeastern coast of Australia and in New Guinea. ... Binomial name Thylogale thetis (Lesson, 1828) The Red-necked Pademelon is a forest-dwelling marsupial living in the eastern coastal region of Australia. ... Binomial name Wallabia bicolor (Lesson, 1828) The Swamp Wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) is a small macropod marsupial of Australia. ... Binomial name Wallabia bicolor (Lesson, 1828) The Swamp Wallaby (Wallabia bicolor) is a small macropod marsupial of Australia. ... Families Hypsiprymnodontidae Macropodidae Potoroidae Macropodiformes is one of the three suborders of the large marsupial order Diprotodontia. ... Genera Hypsiprymnodon Aepyprymnus Bettongia Caloprymnus Potorous The marsupial family Potoroidae includes the bettongs, potoroos and rat-kangaroos. ... Binomial name Aepyprymnus rufescens (Gray, 1837) The Rufous Rat-kangaroo (Aepyprymnus rufescens), also known as the Rufous Bettong, is a small species of the family Potoroidae found in Australia. ... Binomial name Aepyprymnus rufescens (Gray, 1837) The Rufous Rat-kangaroo (Aepyprymnus rufescens), also known as the Rufous Bettong, is a small species of the family Potoroidae found in Australia. ... Type species Bettongia setosa Gray, 1837 Species B. gaimardi B. leseur B. penicillata B. tropica The bettongs are species of the genus Bettongia, sometimes referred to as rat-kangaroos. ... Binomial name Bettongia gaimardi (Desmarest, 1822) The Eastern Bettong (Bettongia gaimardi), also known as the Southern Bettong and Tasmanian Bettong, is a bettong whose natural range includes south-eastern Australia and the eastern part of Tasmania. ... Binomial name Bettongia lesueur (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) The Boodie (Bettongia lesueur), also known locally as the Burrowing Bettong, is a small marsupial related to the kangaroo. ... Binomial name Bettongia penicillata Gray, 1837 The Woylie (Bettongia penicillata) is a small (30cm long) marsupial. ... Binomial name Bettongia tropica Wakefield, 1967 The Northern Bettong (Bettongia tropica) is a small potoroid marsupial which is restricted to some areas of mixed open Eucalyptus woodlands and Allocasuarina forests bordering rainforests in far northeastern Queensland, Australia. ... The marsupial family Potoridae includes the bettongs, potoroos and rat-kangaroos. ... Binomial name Potorous longipes Seebeck & Johnson, 1980 The Long-footed Potoroo (Potorous longipes) is a species of rat-kangaroo found in southeastern Australia, in a small area around the coastal border between New South Wales and Victoria. ... Binomial name Potorous tridactylus (Kerr, 1792) The Long-nosed Potoroo (Potorous tridactylus*) is a species of Australian potoroo. ... Binomial name Potorous gilbertii Gould, 1841 Gilberts Potoroo (Potorous gilbertii) is an Australian marsupial that is critically endangered. ... Binomial name Hypsiprymnodon moschatus Ramsay, 1876 The Musky Rat-kangaroo is a marsupial species found in the rainforests of New Guinea and northeast Australia. ... Binomial name Hypsiprymnodon moschatus Ramsay, 1876 The Musky Rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodon moschatus) is a marsupial species found in the rainforests of New Guinea and northeast Australia. ... Binomial name Hypsiprymnodon moschatus Ramsay, 1876 The Musky Rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodon moschatus) is a marsupial species found in the rainforests of New Guinea and northeast Australia. ...
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Koala - MSN Encarta (1207 words)
Koalas are native to Australia, where they are sometimes called koala bears or native bears, although koalas are not related to bears.
Koalas living in the cooler climates of the south have long fur that is gray-brown or cinnamon in color.
Characteristic of marsupials, female koalas have a pouch on the belly where a developing baby, known as a joey, lives for the first seven months after it is born.
Koala - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2077 words)
The Koala is found all along the eastern coast of Australia from near Adelaide to the southern part of Cape York Peninsula, and as far into the hinterland as there is enough rainfall to support suitable forests.
The Koala is broadly similar in appearance to the wombat (its closest living relative), but has a thicker, softer coat, much larger ears, and longer limbs, which are equipped with large, sharp claws to assist with climbing.
The Koala has an unusually small brain, with about 40% of the cranial cavity being filled with fluid, while the brain itself is like "a pair of shrivelled walnut halves on top of the brain stem, in contact neither with each other nor the bones of the skull.
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Wednesday, February 25, 2009
澳大利亚有袋类动物
澳大利亚有袋类动物 热
澳大利亚有袋类动物
作者：颜雯 来源：浙江自然博物馆 点击数：4729 更新时间：2005年2月21日
在五千万年以前,澳大利亚大陆与南极洲、南美洲还连在一起。南美洲向我们提供了澳大利亚有袋类动物进化过程的重要线索。
冈瓦纳大陆分裂以后便出现了安第斯山脉,但这些山仍然有着古老的冈瓦纳大陆时期的痕迹。这些山布满很早以前就能够开花的植物——南方山毛榉。现在澳大利亚还生长着这种树。 负鼠是澳大利亚有袋类动物祖先的亲戚,它们的嘴以及以昆虫为食的习性都说明了这一点。负鼠有着捕捉昆虫的熟练技巧,也很爱吃花草。当负鼠及其亲戚用育儿袋带着它们的孩子来到冈瓦纳大陆的尽头——澳大利亚以后,南美洲的有袋类动物逐渐有了与它们不同的变化,开始向着食肉类动物发展。
蹼足负鼠是唯一采取水陆两栖生活方式的有袋类动物,其生活习性和鸭嘴兽相似。蹼足负鼠有着适合自己特殊生存方式的身体结构,后脚的蹼使得它很善于游泳,前脚尖非常宽大、敏捷,有利于捕食猎物。蹼足负鼠在水下的时候眼睛紧紧地闭着,它们寻找食物完全依靠那敏感的前脚尖。 像蹼足负鼠那样,南美洲遗留下来的动物化石表明,这里曾经生活着一些比较大的有袋类动物。但是现在它们都已经灭绝,只有到达澳大利亚的有袋类动物才取得了发展。
五千万年前,澳大利亚和冈瓦纳大陆分裂开来,带着有袋类动物的祖先向北漂移。在澳大利亚,真兽亚纲动物在生存竞争中没有得到有利的地位,而有袋类动物包括各种各样的食草动物则取得了惊人的发展。这里曾经有一种像野牛一样大的食草动物,这是一种最大的有袋类动物。随着各种食草动物的发展,澳大利亚曾经还生存着一种凶猛的食肉动物袋狮和像豹一样大小的负鼠。
在一千五百万年以前,许多有袋类动物逐渐变成食草动物。最早的食草动物负鼠的祖先居住在树上。身上有着美丽斑点的袋貂现在仍然生活在澳大利亚北部的森林中。
负鼠不仅在树上吃树叶,而且也到地面上吃草。一些早期敢于冒险的负鼠在地上留了下来,因为它们发现地面比树上更容易跳跃和逃避捕猎者。带有麝香气味的树袋鼠是第一批到地上栖息的代表者。
不过,在有袋类动物的进化过程中有一种奇怪的现象,在一些地方,树袋鼠因为树叶丰茂,又从地上回到了树上。它们已经重新适应了树上的生活。它们那短而宽的脚,能够在树上防止打滑,锋利的爪子也能够紧紧地抓住树枝。树袋鼠曾经栖息在澳大利亚的整个雨林地带,但是现在仅仅能够在遥远的北方和新几内亚的几个小块地方发现它们。
随着澳大利亚自然环境的变化,袋鼠的生活方式也在变化。现在有袋类动物已经进入到干旱的内陆地区,这块干涸的土地已经成为有袋类动物的王国
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澳大利亚有袋类动物
作者：颜雯 来源：浙江自然博物馆 点击数：4729 更新时间：2005年2月21日
在五千万年以前,澳大利亚大陆与南极洲、南美洲还连在一起。南美洲向我们提供了澳大利亚有袋类动物进化过程的重要线索。
冈瓦纳大陆分裂以后便出现了安第斯山脉,但这些山仍然有着古老的冈瓦纳大陆时期的痕迹。这些山布满很早以前就能够开花的植物——南方山毛榉。现在澳大利亚还生长着这种树。 负鼠是澳大利亚有袋类动物祖先的亲戚,它们的嘴以及以昆虫为食的习性都说明了这一点。负鼠有着捕捉昆虫的熟练技巧,也很爱吃花草。当负鼠及其亲戚用育儿袋带着它们的孩子来到冈瓦纳大陆的尽头——澳大利亚以后,南美洲的有袋类动物逐渐有了与它们不同的变化,开始向着食肉类动物发展。
蹼足负鼠是唯一采取水陆两栖生活方式的有袋类动物,其生活习性和鸭嘴兽相似。蹼足负鼠有着适合自己特殊生存方式的身体结构,后脚的蹼使得它很善于游泳,前脚尖非常宽大、敏捷,有利于捕食猎物。蹼足负鼠在水下的时候眼睛紧紧地闭着,它们寻找食物完全依靠那敏感的前脚尖。 像蹼足负鼠那样,南美洲遗留下来的动物化石表明,这里曾经生活着一些比较大的有袋类动物。但是现在它们都已经灭绝,只有到达澳大利亚的有袋类动物才取得了发展。
五千万年前,澳大利亚和冈瓦纳大陆分裂开来,带着有袋类动物的祖先向北漂移。在澳大利亚,真兽亚纲动物在生存竞争中没有得到有利的地位,而有袋类动物包括各种各样的食草动物则取得了惊人的发展。这里曾经有一种像野牛一样大的食草动物,这是一种最大的有袋类动物。随着各种食草动物的发展,澳大利亚曾经还生存着一种凶猛的食肉动物袋狮和像豹一样大小的负鼠。
在一千五百万年以前,许多有袋类动物逐渐变成食草动物。最早的食草动物负鼠的祖先居住在树上。身上有着美丽斑点的袋貂现在仍然生活在澳大利亚北部的森林中。
负鼠不仅在树上吃树叶,而且也到地面上吃草。一些早期敢于冒险的负鼠在地上留了下来,因为它们发现地面比树上更容易跳跃和逃避捕猎者。带有麝香气味的树袋鼠是第一批到地上栖息的代表者。
不过,在有袋类动物的进化过程中有一种奇怪的现象,在一些地方,树袋鼠因为树叶丰茂,又从地上回到了树上。它们已经重新适应了树上的生活。它们那短而宽的脚,能够在树上防止打滑,锋利的爪子也能够紧紧地抓住树枝。树袋鼠曾经栖息在澳大利亚的整个雨林地带,但是现在仅仅能够在遥远的北方和新几内亚的几个小块地方发现它们。
随着澳大利亚自然环境的变化,袋鼠的生活方式也在变化。现在有袋类动物已经进入到干旱的内陆地区,这块干涸的土地已经成为有袋类动物的王国
上一页 [1] [2] [3]
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澳洲负鼠
澳大利亚有袋类动物 热
澳大利亚有袋类动物
作者：颜雯 来源：浙江自然博物馆 点击数：4728 更新时间：2005年2月21日
成年的负鼠吃昆虫、树芽、花蕾、野果、花蜜以及小哺乳动物。刚生下来的幼仔几乎还不到6毫米长。这种看起来很温和的有袋类动物在捕食老鼠时会变得和猫头鹰一样凶猛。它会趁老鼠不备,猛地扑上去,咬住老鼠的后颈,凶残地将老鼠撕碎。
考拉和袋鼠是澳大利亚自然界独特的象征。考拉和袋鼠都是以与其它动物完全不同的方式生存进化而来的，它们都是有袋类动物,后代都是在育儿袋里长起来的。
有袋类动物是怎样来到和占据澳大利亚的呢?这要追溯到这个陆地的形成和这个大陆上所有古怪动物的踪迹。
这个四面环海、与世隔绝的澳大利亚大陆在数百万年以来一没有受到外界的影响。早先的澳大利亚属于一个原始世界,这里曾经是一望无际的大森林。
过去澳大利亚紧紧靠着南极。这里没有结冰,是因为这里气候曾经非常温暖,冈瓦纳大陆时期的澳大利亚曾经是一个多雨的地方,那里有着葱郁茂密的草木。
鸭嘴兽是生活到现今的上古类动物中仅存的三种动物之一。这种动物十分奇怪,以致动物学家们把第一只送到欧洲的鸭嘴兽本当成是一个骗局,甚至有人认为它是由其它动物拼凑缝合而的。
针鼹的祖先也在冈瓦纳大陆的森林中栖息。现有的针鼹有两种,一种是长嘴针鼹它在森林中用鼻子嗅,找虫子充当食物。另一短鼻针鼹,它具有锋利的爪子,能抓碎朽术,用舌头舔食蚂蚁。母针鼹是产卵,而不像其它哺乳动物那样直接分娩小生命。
针鼹和鸭嘴兽都是澳大利亚冈瓦纳大陆时期幸存下来的动物的一部分。
大约在六千五百万年以前,原始森林世界发生了巨大的变化,恐龙彻底灭绝,爬行动物占统治地位的时代逐渐被哺乳动物取代。哺乳动物开始了前所未有的大发展的时期。
远古的森林植被,变成了开满鲜花的平原。植物为昆虫提供花粉,也为小型哺乳动物提供了丰富的食物。鲜花盛开的平原,为昆虫和哺乳动物的兴旺提供了条件。有些哺乳动物已经不再像针鼹和鸭嘴兽那样产卵,而是直接生育子女,它们的妊娠期很短,小动物靠母乳生长发育。
原始的哺乳动物由于生存在不同的区域,就有各不相同的觅食和生存方式。有袋类动物与其它哺乳动物进化不同的一个特点是,在它们的奶头处有一个育儿袋,用来哺育它们刚出生的幼仔。有袋类动物长在体外的袋囊,几乎相当于较高级的哺乳动物或所谓的胎盘哺乳动物长在体内的子宫,胎胚在一种安全、温暖的袋子里生长发育。有袋类动物的妊娠期很短,但是幼仔却需要相当长的哺乳期。
有袋类动物的育儿袋经过进化和发展,有着大小和形状的不同,有些动物的袋口朝前,有的朝后。
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澳大利亚有袋类动物
作者：颜雯 来源：浙江自然博物馆 点击数：4728 更新时间：2005年2月21日
成年的负鼠吃昆虫、树芽、花蕾、野果、花蜜以及小哺乳动物。刚生下来的幼仔几乎还不到6毫米长。这种看起来很温和的有袋类动物在捕食老鼠时会变得和猫头鹰一样凶猛。它会趁老鼠不备,猛地扑上去,咬住老鼠的后颈,凶残地将老鼠撕碎。
考拉和袋鼠是澳大利亚自然界独特的象征。考拉和袋鼠都是以与其它动物完全不同的方式生存进化而来的，它们都是有袋类动物,后代都是在育儿袋里长起来的。
有袋类动物是怎样来到和占据澳大利亚的呢?这要追溯到这个陆地的形成和这个大陆上所有古怪动物的踪迹。
这个四面环海、与世隔绝的澳大利亚大陆在数百万年以来一没有受到外界的影响。早先的澳大利亚属于一个原始世界,这里曾经是一望无际的大森林。
过去澳大利亚紧紧靠着南极。这里没有结冰,是因为这里气候曾经非常温暖,冈瓦纳大陆时期的澳大利亚曾经是一个多雨的地方,那里有着葱郁茂密的草木。
鸭嘴兽是生活到现今的上古类动物中仅存的三种动物之一。这种动物十分奇怪,以致动物学家们把第一只送到欧洲的鸭嘴兽本当成是一个骗局,甚至有人认为它是由其它动物拼凑缝合而的。
针鼹的祖先也在冈瓦纳大陆的森林中栖息。现有的针鼹有两种,一种是长嘴针鼹它在森林中用鼻子嗅,找虫子充当食物。另一短鼻针鼹,它具有锋利的爪子,能抓碎朽术,用舌头舔食蚂蚁。母针鼹是产卵,而不像其它哺乳动物那样直接分娩小生命。
针鼹和鸭嘴兽都是澳大利亚冈瓦纳大陆时期幸存下来的动物的一部分。
大约在六千五百万年以前,原始森林世界发生了巨大的变化,恐龙彻底灭绝,爬行动物占统治地位的时代逐渐被哺乳动物取代。哺乳动物开始了前所未有的大发展的时期。
远古的森林植被,变成了开满鲜花的平原。植物为昆虫提供花粉,也为小型哺乳动物提供了丰富的食物。鲜花盛开的平原,为昆虫和哺乳动物的兴旺提供了条件。有些哺乳动物已经不再像针鼹和鸭嘴兽那样产卵,而是直接生育子女,它们的妊娠期很短,小动物靠母乳生长发育。
原始的哺乳动物由于生存在不同的区域,就有各不相同的觅食和生存方式。有袋类动物与其它哺乳动物进化不同的一个特点是,在它们的奶头处有一个育儿袋,用来哺育它们刚出生的幼仔。有袋类动物长在体外的袋囊,几乎相当于较高级的哺乳动物或所谓的胎盘哺乳动物长在体内的子宫,胎胚在一种安全、温暖的袋子里生长发育。有袋类动物的妊娠期很短,但是幼仔却需要相当长的哺乳期。
有袋类动物的育儿袋经过进化和发展,有着大小和形状的不同,有些动物的袋口朝前,有的朝后。
上一页 [1] [2] [3] 下一页
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树袋熊的近亲----袋熊
澳大利亚有袋类动物 热
澳大利亚有袋类动物
作者：颜雯 来源：浙江自然博物馆 点击数：4726 更新时间：2005年2月21日
在澳大利亚，除了袋鼠之外还生活着许多其它古老的有袋类动物。
树袋熊的体型肥胖，毛又软又厚，大脑袋圆滚滚的，光秃秃的大鼻子非常突出，十分逗人喜爱，几乎像中国的熊猫一样有名。
树袋熊和袋鼠不同，它的育儿袋是向后张开的，乳头也只有两个。六个月的小树袋熊，长相是最逗人喜爱的。小树袋熊从小就有爬树的本领。它们在下树的时候，是倒退着的，总是屁股先着地。当小树袋熊长到十二个月时，就可以完全独立生活了。
树袋熊的主食是桉树叶，它们至少可以吃近五十种桉树的叶子，有时还吃桉树以外的桃金娘科植物的树叶。一只成年的树袋熊体重可达十公斤，长得像哈巴狗那样大小。
另一种有袋类动物和树袋熊长得差不多，是树袋熊的近亲，这就是袋熊。一只成年袋熊身长可达1米,重约三十六公斤,比树袋熊要大四五倍。它的育儿袋也是向后张开的。
袋熊和喜欢在树上生活的树袋熊不同,它长有适于挖掘的铁锹形爪子,是一种会挖洞的有袋类动物。袋熊长着锋利的门牙,能够轻而易举地咬穿坚硬的树根。在所有会挖洞的哺乳动物中,要数袋熊挖的洞最大。往往长达十米,洞口直径六十厘米,有些洞穴在地下有两米深。
小袋熊大多在冬季出生,几个月以后,在洞内开始练习短途爬行。母袋熊离洞觅食时,几乎总是把它的幼仔装在袋中。吃的食物有根茎、野草、树枝及菌类植物等,有时候,在洞口附近可以发现一段空心木头,袋熊钻到里面睡觉。当小袋熊长到8个来月的时候，它就永远脱离了育儿袋,但是还一直跟着母袋熊。等到再过四个月以后,它才完全单独生活。
袋狸的食物可能比其它任何有袋类动物的食物都混杂。吃的有虫子、小哺乳动物、蜥蜴以及野菜等。袋狸的育儿袋和树袋熊、袋熊一样,是向后张开的。袋狸虽然长得和老鼠一样小,但是在动物分类学上却和鼠类相距很远。在当地,土语把袋狸
称作"猪鼠"。袋狸有时候会破坏草坪和蔬菜等农作物,但是它们也能消灭老鼠和害虫。袋狸的脚趾很象袋鼠等食草的有袋类动物的脚趾,第二个脚趾和第三个脚趾是连在一起的,不过,爪子没有连着,并且可以自由活动。这些爪子就像是一把梳子,袋狸用它来梳理身上的毛。袋狸的前腿和爪子很适合挖洞。
刷尾负鼠也是一种典型的有袋类动物。刷尾负鼠之所以得名，是因为它有一根毛茸茸的,卷曲自如的长尾巴。由于它的鼻子尖，耳朵长,有时候被人们误认为是一种狐狸。
负鼠的食物有树叶、果实、花以及树芽,它还吃对硬木林有很大危害的槲寄生植物。因此,负鼠对林业部门和养蜂业的发展有很大的帮助。刷尾负鼠虽然是一种夜间活动的动物,但是有时候在白天也可以看见它。刷尾负鼠还有一个特点,就是它的分布比其它任何一种澳大利亚有袋类动物都要广泛。
美丽的滑翔负鼠,是一种能飞的有袋类动物。它能够灵巧地从这棵树上滑翔到另一棵树上。这种会滑翔的负鼠长得和老鼠一样小。在它的前腿和后腿之间,有一层薄膜相连,滑翔的时候,就把这层薄膜伸展开,从而增强了空气的浮力。这种动物能够滑翔四十多米远。它尾上的毛长得很浓密,并且能够用来攀援,滑翔飞行时,负鼠把它的尾巴当作方向舵；产仔时,它把树枝堆成一堆,然后用尾巴绕着树枝搬到窝中。
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澳大利亚有袋类动物
作者：颜雯 来源：浙江自然博物馆 点击数：4726 更新时间：2005年2月21日
在澳大利亚，除了袋鼠之外还生活着许多其它古老的有袋类动物。
树袋熊的体型肥胖，毛又软又厚，大脑袋圆滚滚的，光秃秃的大鼻子非常突出，十分逗人喜爱，几乎像中国的熊猫一样有名。
树袋熊和袋鼠不同，它的育儿袋是向后张开的，乳头也只有两个。六个月的小树袋熊，长相是最逗人喜爱的。小树袋熊从小就有爬树的本领。它们在下树的时候，是倒退着的，总是屁股先着地。当小树袋熊长到十二个月时，就可以完全独立生活了。
树袋熊的主食是桉树叶，它们至少可以吃近五十种桉树的叶子，有时还吃桉树以外的桃金娘科植物的树叶。一只成年的树袋熊体重可达十公斤，长得像哈巴狗那样大小。
另一种有袋类动物和树袋熊长得差不多，是树袋熊的近亲，这就是袋熊。一只成年袋熊身长可达1米,重约三十六公斤,比树袋熊要大四五倍。它的育儿袋也是向后张开的。
袋熊和喜欢在树上生活的树袋熊不同,它长有适于挖掘的铁锹形爪子,是一种会挖洞的有袋类动物。袋熊长着锋利的门牙,能够轻而易举地咬穿坚硬的树根。在所有会挖洞的哺乳动物中,要数袋熊挖的洞最大。往往长达十米,洞口直径六十厘米,有些洞穴在地下有两米深。
小袋熊大多在冬季出生,几个月以后,在洞内开始练习短途爬行。母袋熊离洞觅食时,几乎总是把它的幼仔装在袋中。吃的食物有根茎、野草、树枝及菌类植物等,有时候,在洞口附近可以发现一段空心木头,袋熊钻到里面睡觉。当小袋熊长到8个来月的时候，它就永远脱离了育儿袋,但是还一直跟着母袋熊。等到再过四个月以后,它才完全单独生活。
袋狸的食物可能比其它任何有袋类动物的食物都混杂。吃的有虫子、小哺乳动物、蜥蜴以及野菜等。袋狸的育儿袋和树袋熊、袋熊一样,是向后张开的。袋狸虽然长得和老鼠一样小,但是在动物分类学上却和鼠类相距很远。在当地,土语把袋狸
称作"猪鼠"。袋狸有时候会破坏草坪和蔬菜等农作物,但是它们也能消灭老鼠和害虫。袋狸的脚趾很象袋鼠等食草的有袋类动物的脚趾,第二个脚趾和第三个脚趾是连在一起的,不过,爪子没有连着,并且可以自由活动。这些爪子就像是一把梳子,袋狸用它来梳理身上的毛。袋狸的前腿和爪子很适合挖洞。
刷尾负鼠也是一种典型的有袋类动物。刷尾负鼠之所以得名，是因为它有一根毛茸茸的,卷曲自如的长尾巴。由于它的鼻子尖，耳朵长,有时候被人们误认为是一种狐狸。
负鼠的食物有树叶、果实、花以及树芽,它还吃对硬木林有很大危害的槲寄生植物。因此,负鼠对林业部门和养蜂业的发展有很大的帮助。刷尾负鼠虽然是一种夜间活动的动物,但是有时候在白天也可以看见它。刷尾负鼠还有一个特点,就是它的分布比其它任何一种澳大利亚有袋类动物都要广泛。
美丽的滑翔负鼠,是一种能飞的有袋类动物。它能够灵巧地从这棵树上滑翔到另一棵树上。这种会滑翔的负鼠长得和老鼠一样小。在它的前腿和后腿之间,有一层薄膜相连,滑翔的时候,就把这层薄膜伸展开,从而增强了空气的浮力。这种动物能够滑翔四十多米远。它尾上的毛长得很浓密,并且能够用来攀援,滑翔飞行时,负鼠把它的尾巴当作方向舵；产仔时,它把树枝堆成一堆,然后用尾巴绕着树枝搬到窝中。
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无尾熊----百科全书无尾熊----百科全书
1楼 大 中 小发表于2009-2-11 18:55 只看该作者
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無尾熊- 百科全書无尾熊-百科全书
無尾熊屬於夜行性動物，白天大部分的時間是在睡眠和休息。无尾熊属于夜行性动物，白天大部分的时间是在睡眠和休息。 大部分的攝食、移動及社會行為通常發生在夜晚。大部分的摄食、移动及社会行为通常发生在夜晚。 無尾熊每天花在睡眠及休息的時間約18～20小時，約佔80%的時間。无尾熊每天花在睡眠及休息的时间约18～20小时，约占80%的时间。 每天有4～6次的攝食（約共占1～3小時），每次從20分鐘至2小時不等，且攝食的行為常在黃昏進行。每天有4～6次的摄食（约共占1～3小时），每次从20分钟至2小时不等，且摄食的行为常在黄昏进行。 而移動等其他行為，只佔每天活動的小片斷。而移动等其他行为，只占每天活动的小片断。
無尾熊（學名：Phascolarctos cinereus）， 英語名稱Koala是澳洲原住民的方言，意指「不喝水」，是澳洲的特有種生物，又譯作樹袋熊、樹熊或考拉，全世界僅分佈在澳洲的東部昆士蘭州、新南威爾斯和維多利亞地區低海拔、不密集的桉樹林中。无尾熊（学名：Phascolarctos cinereus）， 英语名称Koala是澳洲原住民的方言，意指「不喝水」，是澳洲的特有种生物，又译作树袋熊、树熊或考拉，全世界仅分布在澳洲的东部昆士兰州、新南威尔斯和维多利亚地区低海拔、不密集的桉树林中。 1798年一位探險家在澳洲布魯山脈首次發現，在19世紀初無尾熊遭到捕殺出口，數量由百萬隻銳減至一千多隻，澳洲政府於是立法保護，澳洲的無尾熊保護區有公立也有私立，私立的羅帕恩公園，在1970年-1976年曾飼養過白無尾熊。 1798年一位探险家在澳洲布鲁山脉首次发现，在19世纪初无尾熊遭到捕杀出口，数量由百万只锐减至一千多只，澳洲政府于是立法保护，澳洲的无尾熊保护区有公立也有私立，私立的罗帕恩公园，在1970年-1976年曾饲养过白无尾熊。
科學分類界： 動物界Animalia科学分类界：动物界Animalia
門： 脊索動物門Chordata门：脊索动物门Chordata
綱： 哺乳綱Mammalia纲：哺乳纲Mammalia
下綱： 有袋下綱Marsupialia下纲：有袋下纲Marsupialia
目： 雙門齒目Diprotodontia目：双门齿目Diprotodontia
亞目： 袋熊亞目Vombatiformes亚目：袋熊亚目Vombatiformes
科： 樹袋熊科Phascolarctidae科：树袋熊科Phascolarctidae
屬： 樹袋熊屬Phascolarctos属：树袋熊属Phascolarctos
種： 樹袋熊P. cinereus种：树袋熊P. cinereus
二名法二名法
Phascolarctos cinereus Phascolarctos cinereus
特徵無尾熊身長約60-85公分，能活約10-15年，耳朵大小是5-6公分，腳掌大小約10-16公分，體重約13-14公斤，具有一對朝前的眼睛，前肢共有五指，其中兩指與其他三指較為分離，其型態類似人類的手，但有兩個拇指; 後肢共有四趾，其中一趾與其他三趾分離成90°角，這些型態可利於無尾熊攀附樹木、抓癢和梳毛。特征无尾熊身长约60-85公分，能活约10-15年，耳朵大小是5-6公分，脚掌大小约10-16公分，体重约13-14公斤，具有一对朝前的眼睛，前肢共有五指，其中两指与其他三指较为分离，其型态类似人类的手，但有两个拇指;后肢共有四趾，其中一趾与其他三趾分离成90°角，这些型态可利于无尾熊攀附树木、抓痒和梳毛。 雌性無尾熊身體有育兒袋，可供嬰兒棲息。雌性无尾熊身体有育儿袋，可供婴儿栖息。 雄性的胸前有咖啡色條紋。雄性的胸前有咖啡色条纹。
食物無尾熊幾乎只食用桉樹（尤加利樹）的葉子，同時因為桉樹葉含有大量的水分（約50％），無尾熊幾乎從不喝水，這也是它的土著名字的來源。食物无尾熊几乎只食用桉树（尤加利树）的叶子，同时因为桉树叶含有大量的水分（约50％），无尾熊几乎从不喝水，这也是它的土著名字的来源。 桉樹具有毒性，首先由肝臟停止毒性作用以備排泄，再讓樹熊較大的盲腸汲取食物裡僅含的低量營養。桉树具有毒性，首先由肝脏停止毒性作用以备排泄，再让树熊较大的盲肠汲取食物里仅含的低量营养。 由解剖學來看，無尾熊的盲腸約體長的三倍，是全腸的20％，盲腸中所容納的更多微生物幫助消化系統有效率地汲取葉中養份。由解剖学来看，无尾熊的盲肠约体长的三倍，是全肠的20％，盲肠中所容纳的更多微生物帮助消化系统有效率地汲取叶中养份。
睡眠與休息由於無尾熊吃的是高纖維、低熱量的食物，必須保持體力，所以一天當中大部分的時間都花在休息和睡眠。睡眠与休息由于无尾熊吃的是高纤维、低热量的食物，必须保持体力，所以一天当中大部分的时间都花在休息和睡眠。 和大部分的有袋動物不同，他們不會築巢，也不會躲在樹洞中，而是直接坐在樹叉間休息。和大部分的有袋动物不同，他们不会筑巢，也不会躲在树洞中，而是直接坐在树叉间休息。 天冷時會背風縮成一團，以背部的厚毛抵禦寒風；天熱時則四肢展開，腹面向下掛在樹上或樹叉間。天冷时会背风缩成一团，以背部的厚毛抵御寒风；天热时则四肢展开，腹面向下挂在树上或树叉间。
行動方式有力的四肢、無毛具細紋的腳掌、對生的拇指和銳利捲曲的長爪，讓無尾熊的樹上攀爬功夫一流，雖然尾巴退化，但不影響牠的平衡感，仍可以在樹枝間靈活跳躍。行动方式有力的四肢、无毛具细纹的脚掌、对生的拇指和锐利卷曲的长爪，让无尾熊的树上攀爬功夫一流，虽然尾巴退化，但不影响它的平衡感，仍可以在树枝间灵活跳跃。 地面上的行動看起來則有點笨手笨腳，但逃命奔跑時，速度不比兔子慢，而且也會游泳。地面上的行动看起来则有点笨手笨脚，但逃命奔跑时，速度不比兔子慢，而且也会游泳。
繁殖季母無尾熊大概三至四歲就能生育了，平均來說，每年九月到隔年三月左右是牠們的繁殖季。繁殖季母无尾熊大概三至四岁就能生育了，平均来说，每年九月到隔年三月左右是它们的繁殖季。 在澳洲，溫暖的春天和夏天正值草木發芽，正適合懷孕。在澳洲，温暖的春天和夏天正值草木发芽，正适合怀孕。
懷孕的週期只要短短的三十五天左右，無尾熊媽媽一次只生一隻寶寶；雙胞胎的情形很少見，不過幸好是這樣，因為育兒袋也容納不下兩隻寶寶不是所有的無尾熊每年都會生小寶寶，有些母無尾熊受限於年齡和環境的關係，甚至要每隔二到三年才能生育。怀孕的周期只要短短的三十五天左右，无尾熊妈妈一次只生一只宝宝；双胞胎的情形很少见，不过幸好是这样，因为育儿袋也容纳不下两只宝宝不是所有的无尾熊每年都会生小宝宝，有些母无尾熊受限于年龄和环境的关系，甚至要每隔二到三年才能生育。 基本上無尾熊終其一生可生育5-6隻小無尾熊。基本上无尾熊终其一生可生育5-6只小无尾熊。
比起其他的有袋動物，無尾熊的發育算是比較慢的。比起其他的有袋动物，无尾熊的发育算是比较慢的。 在育兒袋中的前半年，以母奶維生，這段時間，頭、身體、四肢、腳趾、腳爪、毛髮都慢慢地才發育完整。在育儿袋中的前半年，以母奶维生，这段时间，头、身体、四肢、脚趾、脚爪、毛发都慢慢地才发育完整。
當母無尾熊要生寶寶的時候，牠的骨盤會向前傾斜，腳張開躺著，這樣的姿勢是為了讓寶寶能順利從產道爬到育兒袋內。当母无尾熊要生宝宝的时候，它的骨盘会向前倾斜，脚张开躺着，这样的姿势是为了让宝宝能顺利从产道爬到育儿袋内。
出生時：無尾熊只有1.9公分長，0.5公克重。出生时：无尾熊只有1.9公分长，0.5公克重。 新生兒得自己奮力爬到育兒袋中去找媽媽的奶頭，紅咚咚的身體在24小時內就會逐漸變成粉紅色。新生儿得自己奋力爬到育儿袋中去找妈妈的奶头，红咚咚的身体在24小时内就会逐渐变成粉红色。
第一週：一週大的無尾熊寶寶赤裸裸的無毛、看不到也聽不到。第一周：一周大的无尾熊宝宝赤裸裸的无毛、看不到也听不到。
第七週：頭部是全身體中最大部份，約2.6公分。第七周：头部是全身体中最大部份，约2.6公分。
第十三週：體重增加到50公克，頭長約5公分。第十三周：体重增加到50公克，头长约5公分。
賴在樹上無尾熊不會輕易地從樹上下來，通常都是從這棵樹換到另一棵樹棲息才會下來。赖在树上无尾熊不会轻易地从树上下来，通常都是从这棵树换到另一棵树栖息才会下来。 如果隨便下來，很可能會遭遇到野狗、狐狸等動物的攻擊。如果随便下来，很可能会遭遇到野狗、狐狸等动物的攻击。 由於鳥類討厭尤加利樹的氣味，所以尤加利樹能夠幫助無尾熊防止來自空中的襲擊。由于鸟类讨厌尤加利树的气味，所以尤加利树能够帮助无尾熊防止来自空中的袭击。
無尾熊不像其他樹棲動物，如樹袋鼠或樹林間滑行的動物，需要尾巴平衡或快速移動來躲避其他動物的侵略，相反地，由於體型夠大根本無懼其他動物，加上行動不夠靈活，乾脆減少活動保存能量。无尾熊不像其他树栖动物，如树袋鼠或树林间滑行的动物，需要尾巴平衡或快速移动来躲避其他动物的侵略，相反地，由于体型够大根本无惧其他动物，加上行动不够灵活，干脆减少活动保存能量。
求偶溫暖的春天和夏天正是旺盛的交配期，也正是無尾熊們活動力最旺盛的時候，這時候的雄性無尾熊往往會彼此爭地為王，利用胸口上的白毛分泌出一種難聞的分泌物留在樹上，藉此警告其他雄性無尾熊不可侵犯。求偶温暖的春天和夏天正是旺盛的交配期，也正是无尾熊们活动力最旺盛的时候，这时候的雄性无尾熊往往会彼此争地为王，利用胸口上的白毛分泌出一种难闻的分泌物留在树上，借此警告其他雄性无尾熊不可侵犯。
總而言之，無尾熊在交配時期總是吵吵鬧鬧的，不斷打鬥然後嘶吼。总而言之，无尾熊在交配时期总是吵吵闹闹的，不断打斗然后嘶吼。 公無尾熊也會以低沉的吼聲回應喜歡的求婚者，或以尖叫聲拒絕這些求偶者；甚至母無尾熊在害怕時所發出的哭泣聲，也會引來「英雄救美」趕走不受歡迎的入侵客。公无尾熊也会以低沉的吼声回应喜欢的求婚者，或以尖叫声拒绝这些求偶者；甚至母无尾熊在害怕时所发出的哭泣声，也会引来「英雄救美」赶走不受欢迎的入侵客。
離家生活無尾熊一生可以活十到十五年，大約兩歲大的時候，年輕的公無尾熊就得離開母親去尋找自己的活動領域，這段時間也許要花個二到三年，可說相當危險，因為不僅容易會被年長的公無尾熊趕走，來自外界的傷害也是一大威脅。离家生活无尾熊一生可以活十到十五年，大约两岁大的时候，年轻的公无尾熊就得离开母亲去寻找自己的活动领域，这段时间也许要花个二到三年，可说相当危险，因为不仅容易会被年长的公无尾熊赶走，来自外界的伤害也是一大威胁。 如果要生存下去，年輕的雄性無尾熊就必須及早吸引異性或是找尋新的活動領域，要不就得和其他雄性無尾熊爭奪地盤。如果要生存下去，年轻的雄性无尾熊就必须及早吸引异性或是找寻新的活动领域，要不就得和其他雄性无尾熊争夺地盘。
雌性無尾熊的生態就單純多了，兩歲大的時候也會離開母親的身邊，但並不像雄性無尾熊遠走他鄉，通常牠們的活動領域都是緊挨著媽媽或甚至住在一起，可以自由選擇棲息的地方，比較不受雄性無尾熊的攻擊。雌性无尾熊的生态就单纯多了，两岁大的时候也会离开母亲的身边，但并不像雄性无尾熊远走他乡，通常它们的活动领域都是紧挨着妈妈或什至住在一起，可以自由选择栖息的地方，比较不受雄性无尾熊的攻击。
其他行為夜行性的無尾熊平均每天約有18～20小時都在休息和睡覺，不是牠偷懶喔，因為牠吃的是高纖維低熱量的食物，必須保持體力。其他行为夜行性的无尾熊平均每天约有18～20小时都在休息和睡觉，不是它偷懒喔，因为它吃的是高纤维低热量的食物，必须保持体力。 每隻無尾熊都有自己獨自活動的範圍，再由雌雄數隻組成一個族群，活動範圍重疊的部分就是個體間發生互動的社交場所。每只无尾熊都有自己独自活动的范围，再由雌雄数只组成一个族群，活动范围重叠的部分就是个体间发生互动的社交场所。 平時用聲音和分泌物標識做為溝通的方法。平时用声音和分泌物标识做为沟通的方法。
一般來說，無尾熊過著單獨自在的生活，並不是群居動物。一般来说，无尾熊过着单独自在的生活，并不是群居动物。 但這並不表示牠不跟「其他人」打交道。但这并不表示它不跟「其他人」打交道。 例外的是，在交配時期，雄性無尾熊的身邊常有二到三隻的雌性無尾熊圍繞著，好比「妻妾成群」。例外的是，在交配时期，雄性无尾熊的身边常有二到三只的雌性无尾熊围绕着，好比「妻妾成群」。 除了母無尾熊和身邊的寶寶外，通常很難看得到兩隻無尾熊在同棵樹上一起吃飯睡覺。除了母无尾熊和身边的宝宝外，通常很难看得到两只无尾熊在同棵树上一起吃饭睡觉。
行為無尾熊屬於夜行動物，身體新陳代謝較慢，每日需睡眠20小時。行为无尾熊属于夜行动物，身体新陈代谢较慢，每日需睡眠20小时。 幼熊出生後會住在母親的育兒袋中，約半年後才會從母親的袋中出來，會食用母熊半消化而痢狀的糞。幼熊出生后会住在母亲的育儿袋中，约半年后才会从母亲的袋中出来，会食用母熊半消化而痢状的粪。
疾病 疾病
無尾熊容易感染到數種不同的疾病，常見的兩種像是結膜炎、濕屁股，是種腎臟和泌尿系統的疾病，其他還有呼吸系統的感染、一種頭骨的疾病以及寄生蟲等等。无尾熊容易感染到数种不同的疾病，常见的两种像是结膜炎、湿屁股，是种肾脏和泌尿系统的疾病，其他还有呼吸系统的感染、一种头骨的疾病以及寄生虫等等。 而衣原體細茵常被認為是導至無尾熊生病的主要原因，專家們正持續地在研究它和無尾熊族群們的關係。而衣原体细茵常被认为是导至无尾熊生病的主要原因，专家们正持续地在研究它和无尾熊族群们的关系。 而可以發現的是無尾熊在人群擁擠或是食物供給量不足的地方生活時，會比較容易感染疾病。而可以发现的是无尾熊在人群拥挤或是食物供给量不足的地方生活时，会比较容易感染疾病。 而有關如何使無尾熊受到更好的照顧，或是減少他們受到疾病感染及受傷的相關研究，一直都在進行當中。而有关如何使无尾熊受到更好的照顾，或是减少他们受到疾病感染及受伤的相关研究，一直都在进行当中。
天敵無尾熊在生活中有幾個天敵，其中之一是澳洲犬(dingoes)，當無尾熊為了要從一棵樹到另一棵而在地上行走時，不論是成年還是小無尾熊，都有可能受到澳洲犬的傷害；而小無尾熊有時則會受到老鷹(wedge- tailed eagles)及貓頭鷹的攻擊；其他像是野生的貓、狗以及狐狸，也都是無尾熊的天敵之一。天敌无尾熊在生活中有几个天敌，其中之一是澳洲犬(dingoes)，当无尾熊为了要从一棵树到另一棵而在地上行走时，不论是成年还是小无尾熊，都有可能受到澳洲犬的伤害；而小无尾熊有时则会受到老鹰(wedge- tailed eagles)及猫头鹰的攻击；其他像是野生的猫、狗以及狐狸，也都是无尾熊的天敌之一。 但現在無尾熊受到人類道路、交通的影響，使得棲息地的減少，這也可以說是另一種形式的敵人。但现在无尾熊受到人类道路、交通的影响，使得栖息地的减少，这也可以说是另一种形式的敌人。
近親無尾熊跟袋熊具有許多類似的特徵，因此牠們可能為近親，但仍需進一步的分子生物學研究。近亲无尾熊跟袋熊具有许多类似的特征，因此它们可能为近亲，但仍需进一步的分子生物学研究。
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無尾熊- 百科全書无尾熊-百科全书
無尾熊屬於夜行性動物，白天大部分的時間是在睡眠和休息。无尾熊属于夜行性动物，白天大部分的时间是在睡眠和休息。 大部分的攝食、移動及社會行為通常發生在夜晚。大部分的摄食、移动及社会行为通常发生在夜晚。 無尾熊每天花在睡眠及休息的時間約18～20小時，約佔80%的時間。无尾熊每天花在睡眠及休息的时间约18～20小时，约占80%的时间。 每天有4～6次的攝食（約共占1～3小時），每次從20分鐘至2小時不等，且攝食的行為常在黃昏進行。每天有4～6次的摄食（约共占1～3小时），每次从20分钟至2小时不等，且摄食的行为常在黄昏进行。 而移動等其他行為，只佔每天活動的小片斷。而移动等其他行为，只占每天活动的小片断。
無尾熊（學名：Phascolarctos cinereus）， 英語名稱Koala是澳洲原住民的方言，意指「不喝水」，是澳洲的特有種生物，又譯作樹袋熊、樹熊或考拉，全世界僅分佈在澳洲的東部昆士蘭州、新南威爾斯和維多利亞地區低海拔、不密集的桉樹林中。无尾熊（学名：Phascolarctos cinereus）， 英语名称Koala是澳洲原住民的方言，意指「不喝水」，是澳洲的特有种生物，又译作树袋熊、树熊或考拉，全世界仅分布在澳洲的东部昆士兰州、新南威尔斯和维多利亚地区低海拔、不密集的桉树林中。 1798年一位探險家在澳洲布魯山脈首次發現，在19世紀初無尾熊遭到捕殺出口，數量由百萬隻銳減至一千多隻，澳洲政府於是立法保護，澳洲的無尾熊保護區有公立也有私立，私立的羅帕恩公園，在1970年-1976年曾飼養過白無尾熊。 1798年一位探险家在澳洲布鲁山脉首次发现，在19世纪初无尾熊遭到捕杀出口，数量由百万只锐减至一千多只，澳洲政府于是立法保护，澳洲的无尾熊保护区有公立也有私立，私立的罗帕恩公园，在1970年-1976年曾饲养过白无尾熊。
科學分類界： 動物界Animalia科学分类界：动物界Animalia
門： 脊索動物門Chordata门：脊索动物门Chordata
綱： 哺乳綱Mammalia纲：哺乳纲Mammalia
下綱： 有袋下綱Marsupialia下纲：有袋下纲Marsupialia
目： 雙門齒目Diprotodontia目：双门齿目Diprotodontia
亞目： 袋熊亞目Vombatiformes亚目：袋熊亚目Vombatiformes
科： 樹袋熊科Phascolarctidae科：树袋熊科Phascolarctidae
屬： 樹袋熊屬Phascolarctos属：树袋熊属Phascolarctos
種： 樹袋熊P. cinereus种：树袋熊P. cinereus
二名法二名法
Phascolarctos cinereus Phascolarctos cinereus
特徵無尾熊身長約60-85公分，能活約10-15年，耳朵大小是5-6公分，腳掌大小約10-16公分，體重約13-14公斤，具有一對朝前的眼睛，前肢共有五指，其中兩指與其他三指較為分離，其型態類似人類的手，但有兩個拇指; 後肢共有四趾，其中一趾與其他三趾分離成90°角，這些型態可利於無尾熊攀附樹木、抓癢和梳毛。特征无尾熊身长约60-85公分，能活约10-15年，耳朵大小是5-6公分，脚掌大小约10-16公分，体重约13-14公斤，具有一对朝前的眼睛，前肢共有五指，其中两指与其他三指较为分离，其型态类似人类的手，但有两个拇指;后肢共有四趾，其中一趾与其他三趾分离成90°角，这些型态可利于无尾熊攀附树木、抓痒和梳毛。 雌性無尾熊身體有育兒袋，可供嬰兒棲息。雌性无尾熊身体有育儿袋，可供婴儿栖息。 雄性的胸前有咖啡色條紋。雄性的胸前有咖啡色条纹。
食物無尾熊幾乎只食用桉樹（尤加利樹）的葉子，同時因為桉樹葉含有大量的水分（約50％），無尾熊幾乎從不喝水，這也是它的土著名字的來源。食物无尾熊几乎只食用桉树（尤加利树）的叶子，同时因为桉树叶含有大量的水分（约50％），无尾熊几乎从不喝水，这也是它的土著名字的来源。 桉樹具有毒性，首先由肝臟停止毒性作用以備排泄，再讓樹熊較大的盲腸汲取食物裡僅含的低量營養。桉树具有毒性，首先由肝脏停止毒性作用以备排泄，再让树熊较大的盲肠汲取食物里仅含的低量营养。 由解剖學來看，無尾熊的盲腸約體長的三倍，是全腸的20％，盲腸中所容納的更多微生物幫助消化系統有效率地汲取葉中養份。由解剖学来看，无尾熊的盲肠约体长的三倍，是全肠的20％，盲肠中所容纳的更多微生物帮助消化系统有效率地汲取叶中养份。
睡眠與休息由於無尾熊吃的是高纖維、低熱量的食物，必須保持體力，所以一天當中大部分的時間都花在休息和睡眠。睡眠与休息由于无尾熊吃的是高纤维、低热量的食物，必须保持体力，所以一天当中大部分的时间都花在休息和睡眠。 和大部分的有袋動物不同，他們不會築巢，也不會躲在樹洞中，而是直接坐在樹叉間休息。和大部分的有袋动物不同，他们不会筑巢，也不会躲在树洞中，而是直接坐在树叉间休息。 天冷時會背風縮成一團，以背部的厚毛抵禦寒風；天熱時則四肢展開，腹面向下掛在樹上或樹叉間。天冷时会背风缩成一团，以背部的厚毛抵御寒风；天热时则四肢展开，腹面向下挂在树上或树叉间。
行動方式有力的四肢、無毛具細紋的腳掌、對生的拇指和銳利捲曲的長爪，讓無尾熊的樹上攀爬功夫一流，雖然尾巴退化，但不影響牠的平衡感，仍可以在樹枝間靈活跳躍。行动方式有力的四肢、无毛具细纹的脚掌、对生的拇指和锐利卷曲的长爪，让无尾熊的树上攀爬功夫一流，虽然尾巴退化，但不影响它的平衡感，仍可以在树枝间灵活跳跃。 地面上的行動看起來則有點笨手笨腳，但逃命奔跑時，速度不比兔子慢，而且也會游泳。地面上的行动看起来则有点笨手笨脚，但逃命奔跑时，速度不比兔子慢，而且也会游泳。
繁殖季母無尾熊大概三至四歲就能生育了，平均來說，每年九月到隔年三月左右是牠們的繁殖季。繁殖季母无尾熊大概三至四岁就能生育了，平均来说，每年九月到隔年三月左右是它们的繁殖季。 在澳洲，溫暖的春天和夏天正值草木發芽，正適合懷孕。在澳洲，温暖的春天和夏天正值草木发芽，正适合怀孕。
懷孕的週期只要短短的三十五天左右，無尾熊媽媽一次只生一隻寶寶；雙胞胎的情形很少見，不過幸好是這樣，因為育兒袋也容納不下兩隻寶寶不是所有的無尾熊每年都會生小寶寶，有些母無尾熊受限於年齡和環境的關係，甚至要每隔二到三年才能生育。怀孕的周期只要短短的三十五天左右，无尾熊妈妈一次只生一只宝宝；双胞胎的情形很少见，不过幸好是这样，因为育儿袋也容纳不下两只宝宝不是所有的无尾熊每年都会生小宝宝，有些母无尾熊受限于年龄和环境的关系，甚至要每隔二到三年才能生育。 基本上無尾熊終其一生可生育5-6隻小無尾熊。基本上无尾熊终其一生可生育5-6只小无尾熊。
比起其他的有袋動物，無尾熊的發育算是比較慢的。比起其他的有袋动物，无尾熊的发育算是比较慢的。 在育兒袋中的前半年，以母奶維生，這段時間，頭、身體、四肢、腳趾、腳爪、毛髮都慢慢地才發育完整。在育儿袋中的前半年，以母奶维生，这段时间，头、身体、四肢、脚趾、脚爪、毛发都慢慢地才发育完整。
當母無尾熊要生寶寶的時候，牠的骨盤會向前傾斜，腳張開躺著，這樣的姿勢是為了讓寶寶能順利從產道爬到育兒袋內。当母无尾熊要生宝宝的时候，它的骨盘会向前倾斜，脚张开躺着，这样的姿势是为了让宝宝能顺利从产道爬到育儿袋内。
出生時：無尾熊只有1.9公分長，0.5公克重。出生时：无尾熊只有1.9公分长，0.5公克重。 新生兒得自己奮力爬到育兒袋中去找媽媽的奶頭，紅咚咚的身體在24小時內就會逐漸變成粉紅色。新生儿得自己奋力爬到育儿袋中去找妈妈的奶头，红咚咚的身体在24小时内就会逐渐变成粉红色。
第一週：一週大的無尾熊寶寶赤裸裸的無毛、看不到也聽不到。第一周：一周大的无尾熊宝宝赤裸裸的无毛、看不到也听不到。
第七週：頭部是全身體中最大部份，約2.6公分。第七周：头部是全身体中最大部份，约2.6公分。
第十三週：體重增加到50公克，頭長約5公分。第十三周：体重增加到50公克，头长约5公分。
賴在樹上無尾熊不會輕易地從樹上下來，通常都是從這棵樹換到另一棵樹棲息才會下來。赖在树上无尾熊不会轻易地从树上下来，通常都是从这棵树换到另一棵树栖息才会下来。 如果隨便下來，很可能會遭遇到野狗、狐狸等動物的攻擊。如果随便下来，很可能会遭遇到野狗、狐狸等动物的攻击。 由於鳥類討厭尤加利樹的氣味，所以尤加利樹能夠幫助無尾熊防止來自空中的襲擊。由于鸟类讨厌尤加利树的气味，所以尤加利树能够帮助无尾熊防止来自空中的袭击。
無尾熊不像其他樹棲動物，如樹袋鼠或樹林間滑行的動物，需要尾巴平衡或快速移動來躲避其他動物的侵略，相反地，由於體型夠大根本無懼其他動物，加上行動不夠靈活，乾脆減少活動保存能量。无尾熊不像其他树栖动物，如树袋鼠或树林间滑行的动物，需要尾巴平衡或快速移动来躲避其他动物的侵略，相反地，由于体型够大根本无惧其他动物，加上行动不够灵活，干脆减少活动保存能量。
求偶溫暖的春天和夏天正是旺盛的交配期，也正是無尾熊們活動力最旺盛的時候，這時候的雄性無尾熊往往會彼此爭地為王，利用胸口上的白毛分泌出一種難聞的分泌物留在樹上，藉此警告其他雄性無尾熊不可侵犯。求偶温暖的春天和夏天正是旺盛的交配期，也正是无尾熊们活动力最旺盛的时候，这时候的雄性无尾熊往往会彼此争地为王，利用胸口上的白毛分泌出一种难闻的分泌物留在树上，借此警告其他雄性无尾熊不可侵犯。
總而言之，無尾熊在交配時期總是吵吵鬧鬧的，不斷打鬥然後嘶吼。总而言之，无尾熊在交配时期总是吵吵闹闹的，不断打斗然后嘶吼。 公無尾熊也會以低沉的吼聲回應喜歡的求婚者，或以尖叫聲拒絕這些求偶者；甚至母無尾熊在害怕時所發出的哭泣聲，也會引來「英雄救美」趕走不受歡迎的入侵客。公无尾熊也会以低沉的吼声回应喜欢的求婚者，或以尖叫声拒绝这些求偶者；甚至母无尾熊在害怕时所发出的哭泣声，也会引来「英雄救美」赶走不受欢迎的入侵客。
離家生活無尾熊一生可以活十到十五年，大約兩歲大的時候，年輕的公無尾熊就得離開母親去尋找自己的活動領域，這段時間也許要花個二到三年，可說相當危險，因為不僅容易會被年長的公無尾熊趕走，來自外界的傷害也是一大威脅。离家生活无尾熊一生可以活十到十五年，大约两岁大的时候，年轻的公无尾熊就得离开母亲去寻找自己的活动领域，这段时间也许要花个二到三年，可说相当危险，因为不仅容易会被年长的公无尾熊赶走，来自外界的伤害也是一大威胁。 如果要生存下去，年輕的雄性無尾熊就必須及早吸引異性或是找尋新的活動領域，要不就得和其他雄性無尾熊爭奪地盤。如果要生存下去，年轻的雄性无尾熊就必须及早吸引异性或是找寻新的活动领域，要不就得和其他雄性无尾熊争夺地盘。
雌性無尾熊的生態就單純多了，兩歲大的時候也會離開母親的身邊，但並不像雄性無尾熊遠走他鄉，通常牠們的活動領域都是緊挨著媽媽或甚至住在一起，可以自由選擇棲息的地方，比較不受雄性無尾熊的攻擊。雌性无尾熊的生态就单纯多了，两岁大的时候也会离开母亲的身边，但并不像雄性无尾熊远走他乡，通常它们的活动领域都是紧挨着妈妈或什至住在一起，可以自由选择栖息的地方，比较不受雄性无尾熊的攻击。
其他行為夜行性的無尾熊平均每天約有18～20小時都在休息和睡覺，不是牠偷懶喔，因為牠吃的是高纖維低熱量的食物，必須保持體力。其他行为夜行性的无尾熊平均每天约有18～20小时都在休息和睡觉，不是它偷懒喔，因为它吃的是高纤维低热量的食物，必须保持体力。 每隻無尾熊都有自己獨自活動的範圍，再由雌雄數隻組成一個族群，活動範圍重疊的部分就是個體間發生互動的社交場所。每只无尾熊都有自己独自活动的范围，再由雌雄数只组成一个族群，活动范围重叠的部分就是个体间发生互动的社交场所。 平時用聲音和分泌物標識做為溝通的方法。平时用声音和分泌物标识做为沟通的方法。
一般來說，無尾熊過著單獨自在的生活，並不是群居動物。一般来说，无尾熊过着单独自在的生活，并不是群居动物。 但這並不表示牠不跟「其他人」打交道。但这并不表示它不跟「其他人」打交道。 例外的是，在交配時期，雄性無尾熊的身邊常有二到三隻的雌性無尾熊圍繞著，好比「妻妾成群」。例外的是，在交配时期，雄性无尾熊的身边常有二到三只的雌性无尾熊围绕着，好比「妻妾成群」。 除了母無尾熊和身邊的寶寶外，通常很難看得到兩隻無尾熊在同棵樹上一起吃飯睡覺。除了母无尾熊和身边的宝宝外，通常很难看得到两只无尾熊在同棵树上一起吃饭睡觉。
行為無尾熊屬於夜行動物，身體新陳代謝較慢，每日需睡眠20小時。行为无尾熊属于夜行动物，身体新陈代谢较慢，每日需睡眠20小时。 幼熊出生後會住在母親的育兒袋中，約半年後才會從母親的袋中出來，會食用母熊半消化而痢狀的糞。幼熊出生后会住在母亲的育儿袋中，约半年后才会从母亲的袋中出来，会食用母熊半消化而痢状的粪。
疾病 疾病
無尾熊容易感染到數種不同的疾病，常見的兩種像是結膜炎、濕屁股，是種腎臟和泌尿系統的疾病，其他還有呼吸系統的感染、一種頭骨的疾病以及寄生蟲等等。无尾熊容易感染到数种不同的疾病，常见的两种像是结膜炎、湿屁股，是种肾脏和泌尿系统的疾病，其他还有呼吸系统的感染、一种头骨的疾病以及寄生虫等等。 而衣原體細茵常被認為是導至無尾熊生病的主要原因，專家們正持續地在研究它和無尾熊族群們的關係。而衣原体细茵常被认为是导至无尾熊生病的主要原因，专家们正持续地在研究它和无尾熊族群们的关系。 而可以發現的是無尾熊在人群擁擠或是食物供給量不足的地方生活時，會比較容易感染疾病。而可以发现的是无尾熊在人群拥挤或是食物供给量不足的地方生活时，会比较容易感染疾病。 而有關如何使無尾熊受到更好的照顧，或是減少他們受到疾病感染及受傷的相關研究，一直都在進行當中。而有关如何使无尾熊受到更好的照顾，或是减少他们受到疾病感染及受伤的相关研究，一直都在进行当中。
天敵無尾熊在生活中有幾個天敵，其中之一是澳洲犬(dingoes)，當無尾熊為了要從一棵樹到另一棵而在地上行走時，不論是成年還是小無尾熊，都有可能受到澳洲犬的傷害；而小無尾熊有時則會受到老鷹(wedge- tailed eagles)及貓頭鷹的攻擊；其他像是野生的貓、狗以及狐狸，也都是無尾熊的天敵之一。天敌无尾熊在生活中有几个天敌，其中之一是澳洲犬(dingoes)，当无尾熊为了要从一棵树到另一棵而在地上行走时，不论是成年还是小无尾熊，都有可能受到澳洲犬的伤害；而小无尾熊有时则会受到老鹰(wedge- tailed eagles)及猫头鹰的攻击；其他像是野生的猫、狗以及狐狸，也都是无尾熊的天敌之一。 但現在無尾熊受到人類道路、交通的影響，使得棲息地的減少，這也可以說是另一種形式的敵人。但现在无尾熊受到人类道路、交通的影响，使得栖息地的减少，这也可以说是另一种形式的敌人。
近親無尾熊跟袋熊具有許多類似的特徵，因此牠們可能為近親，但仍需進一步的分子生物學研究。近亲无尾熊跟袋熊具有许多类似的特征，因此它们可能为近亲，但仍需进一步的分子生物学研究。
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當無尾熊老婆遇到月上猴子老公，宇宙昏暗無邊無際。当无尾熊老婆遇到月上猴子老公，宇宙昏暗无边无际。
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